Design Language: Design Criticism in Identifying Lexemes and Morphemes in Design

Abstract

Designs of architecture, objects, or experiences, when perceived as a form of communication, can transcend the notion of aesthetics and become a powerful language capable of conveying meaning, evoking emotion, and fostering function. Through the lens of semiotics—the study of signs and symbols—this paper uses exploratory research methods to investigate the symbiosis of this theory and design in providing a framework for design articulation and substantiation. Further, the paper analyzes the role of design criticism in identifying lexemes (design terms) and morphemes (smallest units of meaning) in design language. Drawing parallels to linguistic analysis, it examines how critics dissect design elements to uncover recurring patterns, symbolic meanings, and cultural significance. Through case studies and historical context, the paper illustrates how lexemes like "minimalism" evolve through critique, while morphemes such as color, shape, and texture contribute to a design's overall meaning. Findings include the proposition that design criticism can serve not only as a reflection on aesthetics and form but also as a tool for dissecting the "linguistic" elements of design—components that construct the broader narrative or meaning in design works. The paper concludes with implications for using design criticism to assist in identifying design lexemes and morphemes.