Influential Factors Affecting the Attitudes and Purchase Intentions of Post-90s Customers Towards Electric Vehicles in Nanning, China

Authors

  • Haoning Song

Keywords:

Consumer Attitude, Perceived Ease of Use, Purchase Intention, Environmental Protection, Personal Innovation Ability

Abstract

Purpose: This study investigates the factors influencing consumer attitudes and purchase intentions toward electric vehicles in Nanning. The primary focus is on exploring the causal relationships among perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, compatibility, personal innovation, environmental awareness, environmental attitude, and behavioral attitude. Research design, data, and methodology: This study utilizes quantitative research methods with a sample size of 500 and conducts a questionnaire survey targeting the post-90s population in Nanning City. Non-probability sampling methods are employed, initially utilizing a targeted approach to select participants from three prominent shopping malls in Nanning City. Subsequently, a stratified random sampling method establishes sampling quotas for each mall, enabling data collection online and offline. The analysis involves Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Result: The research reveals that perceived usefulness, ease of use, compatibility, personal innovation ability, environmental awareness, environmental attitude, and behavioral attitude significantly impact consumer purchase intention. Notably, behavioral attitude emerges as the most influential factor, while compatibility, although the least impactful, still significantly affects consumer purchase intention. Conclusion: Managers of new energy vehicle brands can devise tailored strategies based on these evaluations to enhance the attitudes and willingness of post-90s consumers to purchase new electric vehicles.

Author Biography

Haoning Song

Nanning College of Technology Business School.

References

Al-Mamary, Y. H., & Shamsuddin, A. (2015). Testing of the technology acceptance model in context of yemen. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 268-273. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s1p268

Annamdevula, S., & Bellamkonda, R. S. (2016). The effects of service quality on student loyalty: the mediating role of student satisfaction. Journal of Modelling in Management, 11(2), 446-462. https://doi.org/10.1108/jm2-04-2014-0031

Arokiasamy, A. (2012). Service Quality in Higher Education Institutions in Malaysia (1st ed.). Contemporary Business Studies

Arroyo, P., & Carrete, L. (2019). Motivational drivers for the adoption of green energy: The case of purchasing photovoltaic systems. Management Research Review, 42(5), 542-567. https://doi.org/10.1108/mrr-02-2018-0070

Awang, Z. (2012). Structural equation modeling using AMOS graphic (1st ed.). Penerbit University Technology MARA.

Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238-246. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.107.2.238

Carlson, B. D., & Donavan, D. T. (2008). SEM. Sport Marketing Quarterly, 17, 154-62.

Chao, M. M., Visaria, S., Mukhopadhyay, A., & Dehejia, R. (2017). Do rewards reinforce the growth mindset?: Joint effects of the growth mindset and incentive schemes in a field intervention. Journal of experimental psychology: General, 146(10), 1402. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000355

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1989). User acceptance of computer technology: A comparison of two theoretical models. Management science, 35(8), 982-1003. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.35.8.982

Desa, U. (2018). 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN (1st ed.). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.

Eberhard, M., & Tarpenning, M. (2006). The 21st century electric car tesla motors. Tesla Motors, 17, 1-10.

Etikan, L., Musa, S. A., & Alkassim, R. S. (2016). Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. American Journal of Theoretical and Applied Statistics, 5(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajtas.20160501.11

Fam, K.-S., Syed Annuar, S. N., Tan, K. L., Lai, F. H., & Ingko, I. A. (2019). Touring destination and intention to consume indigenous food: A case of Kadazan-Dusun food in Sabah. British Food Journal, 122(6), 1883-1896.

https://doi.org/10.1108/bfj-08-2019-0635

Farrell, J., & Saloner, G. (1985). Standardization, Compatibility, and Innovation. The RAND Journal of Economics, 16(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.2307/2555589

Ferguson, D. K., Zetter, R., & Paudayal, K. N. (2007). The need for the SEM in palaeopalynology. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 6(6-7), 423-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crpv.2007.09.018

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104

Gago, A., Labandeira, X., & López-Otero, X. (2014). A panorama on energy taxes and green tax reforms. Hacienda Pública Española, 208(1), 145-190. https://doi.org/10.7866/hpe-rpe.14.1.5

Gamage, D. T., Suwanabroma, J., Ueyama, T., Hada, S., & Sekikawa, E. (2008). The impact of quality assurance measures on student services at the Japanese and Thai private universities. Quality Assurance in Education, 16(2), 181-198. https://doi.org/10.1108/09684880810868457

Goldstein, S. M., Johnston, R., Duffy, J., & Rao, J. (2002). The service concept: the missing link in service design research? Journal of Operations Management, 20(2), 121-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0272-6963(01)00090-0

Gopi, M., & Ramayah, T. (2007). Applicability of theory of planned behavior in predicting intention to trade online: Some evidence from a developing country. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 2(4), 348-360. https://doi.org/10.1108/17468800710824509

Gray, D. E. (2019). Doing research in the business world (2nd ed.). Sage.

Guojian, X., & Meihua, Z. (2020). Analysis of electric vehicle purchase behavior based on FPGA system and neural network. Microprocessors and Microsystems, 74(1), 103-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103361

Ha, H. Y., & Janda, S. (2020). Predicting consumer intentions to purchase energy-effificient products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 29(7), 461-469. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761211274974

Ha-Brookshire, J., & Yoon, S. H. (2012). Country of origin factors influencing US consumers’ perceived price for multinational products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 29(6), 445-454. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761211259250

Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 442-458.

https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-04-2016-0130

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: Indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing theory and Practice, 19(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.2753/mtp1069-6679190202

Hambleton, R. K. (1978). On the use of cut-off scores with criterion-referenced tests in instructional settings. Journal of Educational Measurement, 15(4), 277-290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3984.1978.tb00075.x

Hamid, M. R., Sami, W., & Sidek, M. (2017). Discriminant Validity Assessment: Use of Fornell & Larcker Criterion versus HTMT Criterion. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 890(1), 012163. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/890/1/012163

Hammer, C. (2011). The Importance of Participant Demographics. American journal of speech-language pathology / American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 20, 261. https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360(2011/ed-04)

Hansla, A., Gamble, A., Juliusson, A., & Gärling, T. (2008). The relationships between awareness of consequences, environmental concern, and value orientations. Journal of environmental psychology, 28(1), 1-9.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.08.004

Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. (2008). Structural Equation Modelling: Guidelines for Determining Model Fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60.

Hsu, H.-Y., Kwok, O.-m., Lin, J. H., & Acosta, S. (2015). Detecting Misspecified Multilevel Structural Equation Models with Common Fit Indices: A Monte Carlo Study. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 50(2), 197-215.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2014.977429

Ibeziakor, S. N., & Ibekwe, R. C. (2006). Knowledge and Practice of Universal Precaution in Tertiary Health Facility. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 16, 250-254. https://doi.org/10.4314/njm.v15i3.37223

Ijaz, K., Bogdanovych, A., & Simoff, S. (2011). Enhancing the Believability of Embodied Conversational Agents through Environment-, Self-and Interaction-Awareness. Proceedings of Australian Computer Science Conference 2011, 107-116.

Jackson, J. D., Mun, Y. Y., & Park, J. S. (2013). An empirical test of three mediation models for the relationship between personal innovativeness and user acceptance of technology. Information & Management, 50(4), 154-161.

Jamieson, S. (2004). Likert scales: how to (ab)use them. Medical Education, 38(12), 1217-1218.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.02012.x

Jensen, A. F., & Mabit, S. L. (2017). The use of electric vehicles: A case study on adding an electric car to a household. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 106, 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2017.09.004

Kakwani, N., & Pothong, J. (2010). Impact of economic crisis on the standard of living in Thailand. The National Economic and Social Development Bank and The Asian Development Bank, 15, 10-20.

Karlsson, S. (2017). What are the value and implications of two-car households for the electric car? Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 81, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2017.05.00

Kaur, D., & Bhalla, G. S. (2010). College management: Views of students. IUP Journal of Management Research, 9(5), 6-26. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijem-09-2016-0188

Kaur, H., & Bhalla, G. S. (2018). Determinants of effectiveness in public higher education-students' viewpoint. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(6), 1135-1155.

Kaur, S. (2010). Issue of Women’s Empowerment in Punjab: A Critique. The Journal of Political Science, 71, 333-344.

Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring, and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299305700101

Khan, N. U. S., & Yildiz, Y. (2020). Impact of intangible characteristics of universities on student satisfaction. Amazonia Investiga, 9(26), 105-116. https://doi.org/10.34069/ai/2020.26.02.12

Khosrowpour, M. (2008). Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology (2nd ed.). IGI Global.

Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press

Kline, R. B. (2015). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). Guilford publications

Lavrakas, P. J. (2008). Encyclopedia of survey research methods (1st ed.). Sage Publications.

Li, J. (2019). Compatibility and investment in the us electric vehicle market (1st ed.). Unpublished manuscript.

Lin, C.-Y., & Syrgabayeva, D. (2016). Mechanism of environmental concern on intention to pay more for renewable energy: Application to a developing country. Asia Pacific Management Review, 21(3), 125-134.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2016.01.001

MacCallum, R. C., Widaman, K. F., Zhang, S., & Hong, S. (1999). Sample size in factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 4(1), 84-99. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989x.4.1.84

Malhotra, N. K. (2006). Questionnaire design and scale development. Sage Publications.

Marsh, H. W., Guo, J., Dicke, T., Parker, P. D., & Craven, R. G. (2020). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and set-ESEM: Optimal balance between goodness of fit and parsimony. Multivariate behavioral research, 55(1), 102-119.

Marsh, H. W., Muthén, B., Asparouhov, T., Lüdtke, O., Robitzsch, A., Morin, A. J., & Trautwein, U. (2009). Exploratory structural equation modeling, integrating CFA and EFA: Application to students' evaluations of university teaching. Structural equation modeling: A multidisciplinary journal, 16(3), 439-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2019.1602503

Martins, L. S., Guimarães, L. F., Botelho Junior, A. B., Tenório, J. A. S., & Espinosa, D. C. R. (2021). Electric car battery: An overview on global demand, recycling, and future approaches towards sustainability. Journal of Environmental Management, 295, 113091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113091

Marzo Navarro, M., Pedraja Iglesias, M., & Rivera Torres, M. P. (2005). A new management element for universities: satisfaction with the courses offered. International Journal of Educational Management, 19(6), 505-526.

https://doi.org/10.1108/09513540510617454

McDonald, R. P., & Ho, M.-H. R. (2002). Principles and practice in reporting structural equation analyses. Psychological Methods, 7(1), 64-82. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989x.7.1.64

Mohammed, A., & Abdullah, A. (2018). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM): A review. Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Hydraulics and Pneumatics-HERVEX, 77-85.

Monroe, K. B., & Krishnan, R. (1985). The effect of price on subjective product evaluations. In J. Jacoby & J. Olson (Eds.), Perceived Quality: How Consumers View Stores and Merchandise (pp. 209-232). Lexington Books.

Müller, J. M. (2019). Comparing technology acceptance for autonomous vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and car sharing—A study across Europe, China, and North America. Sustainability, 11(16), 4333. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164333

Nadiri, H., Kandampully, J., & Hussain, K. (2009). Zone of tolerance for banks: A diagnostic model of service quality. Service Industries Journal - SERV IND J, 29(11), 1547-1564. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060902793425

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.

O'Driscoll, F. (2012). What matters most: An exploratory multivariate study of satisfaction among first year hotel/hospitality management students. Quality Assurance in Education, 20(3), 237-258.

O’Rourke, N., & Hatcher, L. (2013). A step-by-step approach to using SAS for factor analysis and structural equation modeling (1st ed.). SAS Institute.

Ortar, N., & Ryghaug, M. (2019). Should all cars be electric by 2025? The electric car debate in Europe. Sustainability, 11(7), 1868. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11071868

Paul, J., Modi, A., & Patel, J. (2016). Predicting green-product consumption using theory of planned behavior and reasoned action. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 29, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2015.11.006

Pedroso, R., Zanetello, L., Guimarães, L., Pettenon, M., Gonçalves, V., Scherer, J., Kessler, F., & Pechansky, F. (2016). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the Crack Use Relapse Scale (CURS). Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 43(3), 37-40. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000081

Pencarelli, T., Splendiani, S., & Cini, D. (2013). Quality and value in university services: The experience of the placement service at the University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 5(2), 140-154.

https://doi.org/10.1108/ijqss-03-2013-0014

Peng, P. J., & Samah, A. J. A. (2006). Measuring students’ satisfaction for quality education in a e-learning university. Unitar e-Journal, 2(1), 11-21.

Rijnsoever, F., Farla, J., & Dijst, M. (2009). Consumer car preferences and information search channels. Transportation Research, 14(1), 334-342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2009.03.006

Sharma, G. P., Verma, R. C., & Pathare, P. (2005). Mathematical modeling of infrared radiation thin layer drying of onion slices. Journal of Food Engineering, Journal of Food Engineering, 71(3), 282-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.02.010

Sica, C., & Ghisi, M. (2007). The Italian versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II: Psychometric properties and discriminant power. In M.A. Lange (Ed.), Leading - Edge Psychological Tests and Testing Research (pp. 27-50). Nova.

Simsekoglu, Ö. (2018). Socio-demographic characteristics, psychological factors and knowledge related to electric car use: A comparison between electric and conventional car drivers. Transport Policy, 72, 180-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.03.009

Tu, J.-C., & Yang, C. (2019). Key Factors Influencing Consumers' Purchase of Electric Vehicles. Sustainability, 11(14), 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143863

Wang, Y., Sperling, D., Tal, G., & Fang, H. (2017). China's electric car surge. Energy Policy, 102, 486-490.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.12.034

Weerasinghe, I. M. S., & Fernando, R. L. S. (2018). Critical factors affecting students' satisfaction with higher education in Sri Lanka. Quality Assurance in Education, 26(1), 115-130. https://doi.org/10.1108/qae-04-2017-0014

Wiers Jensen, J., Stensaker, B., & Grogaard, J. B. (2002). Student satisfaction: towards an empirical deconstruction of the concept. Quality in Higher Education, 8(2), 183-195. https://doi.org/10.1080/1353832022000004377

Wu, J.-H., & Wang, Y.-M. (2006). Measuring KMS success: A respecification of the DeLone and McLean's model. Information & Management, 43(6), 728-739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2006.05.002

Xu, L., Prybutok, V., & Blankson, C. (2018). An environmental awareness purchasing intention model. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 119(2), 367-381. https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-12-2017-0591

Yusoff, M., McLeay, F., & Woodruffe-Burton, H. (2015). Dimensions driving business student satisfaction in higher education. Quality Assurance in Education, 23(1), 86-104. https://doi.org/10.1108/qae-08-2013-0035

Zeithaml, V. A. (1988). Consumer perceptions of price, quality, and value: a means-end model and synthesis of evidence. Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224298805200302

Downloads

Published

2025-06-24

How to Cite

Song, H. (2025). Influential Factors Affecting the Attitudes and Purchase Intentions of Post-90s Customers Towards Electric Vehicles in Nanning, China. Scholar: Human Sciences, 17(2), 54-66. Retrieved from https://assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/Scholar/article/view/8015