ABAC ODI JOURNAL Vision. Action. Outcome

Editorial

2026-02-10T06:23:03+00:00

We are pleased to present the Third issue of Volume 13 of the ABAC ODI Journal: Vision. Action. Outcome. This issue features 19 articles contributed by authors whose scholarly works provide valuable and high-quality knowledge sharing across diverse topics and processes.

The articles employ a range of research designs, including quantitative research, model building, mixed-methods research, qualitative research, and action research. The topics addressed span organizational development, education, educational leadership and management, teaching and learning processes, change management in governance, tourism and hotel management, psychology, innovative technology management, and counselling psychology, and the sustainability of teams and organizations.

It is our hope that this issue adds meaningful value to the existing body of knowledge across various disciplines. The contributing authors present a rich array of research methods, findings, and conclusions that support future research and offer practical recommendations beneficial to teams and organizations as applied learning for continuous improvement.

We sincerely appreciate all the authors who have chosen to publish their research in the ABAC ODI Journal: Vision. Action. Outcome. We also extend our heartfelt thanks to the Editorial Advisory Board, Editorial Board, and the Editorial Team, as well as our expert peer reviewers, for their continued support, dedication, and engagement.

Thank you very much.

Organization Development Intervention: Applying Lewin’s Action Research Model to Enhance Skill Competency and Collaboration for Improved Job Performance of Online Teachers at AAA Chinese Online School

2025-08-06T02:17:57+00:00

This study examines the organizational development potential of the Teaching Service Center (TSC) at AAA Online School by strengthening online teachers’ skill competencies and collaborative capacity to improve online teacher job performance. Guided by Goal-setting theory and Weisbord’s six-box model and structured around Lewin’s action-research cycle (Pre-ODI, ODI, Post-ODI), a mixed-methods design was implemented with 130 teachers sampled from a population of 360. The ODI comprised a seven-activity portfolio (leadership workshop, World Café on communication, cloud-based e-learning, one-to-one lesson observation/feedback, virtual team-building, Appreciative Coaching, and teaching rating scale updates). Pre/post comparisons showed significant gains across all six variables (all p < .001). Online Teacher Job Performance rose from M = 3.32 to M = 3.93, mean difference = 0.62, t = 6.893, p < .001. Multiple regression on post-ODI scales yielded R = .662, R² = .438, adj. R² = .415, F(5,124) = 19.338, p < .001; all five predictors contributed uniquely and positively: trust in virtual workplace (β = .248, p = .002), collaboration with co-workers (β = .217, p = .012), individual leadership skills (β = .193, p = .011), virtual classroom-tech skills (β = .171, p = .023), and communication skills (β = .153, p = .043). Qualitative evidence converged, indicating clearer lesson leadership, more adaptive communication, routine use of interactive tools, stronger peer routines, and improved perceptions of organizational reliability. Taken together, the evidence supports all eleven hypotheses—post-intervention gains across all six constructs and positive, unique effects of each predictor on Online Teacher Job Performance. Findings show that a strategically designed ODI—linking capability building with social/structural supports—can strengthen perceived performance and the collaborative infrastructure of virtual teaching.

Improving Employees’ Service Quality to Enhance The Organizational Performance in Victoria Hospital In Myanmar

2025-08-19T06:47:12+00:00

This study investigates the improvement of employees’ service quality to enhance organizational performance at Victoria Hospital in Myanmar. Amid growing demands for quality healthcare, private hospitals face increasing pressure to meet international service standards. Using mixed methods and action research, this study explores how dimensions of service quality—reliability, assurance, responsiveness, empathy, tangibility, competence, and communication—impact hospital performance. A total of 215 outpatient department (OPD) staff participated in Pre-ODI and Post-ODI assessments through surveys and 17 participated in qualitative interview. SWOT and Weisbord analyses identified critical service issues. The Organizational Development Interventions (ODIs) addressed these challenges through structured training, improved infrastructure, and enhanced communication systems. Quantitative results from Paired Sample T-tests showed statistically significant improvements (p < .001) across all service quality dimensions. Qualitative findings echoed these results, highlighting improved patient confidence, faster service delivery, and more compassionate care. The research concludes with a Service Quality Development Plan to sustain these improvements through continuous training, process refinement, and performance monitoring. The Service Quality Development Plan provides targeted interventions in key SERVQUAL dimensions, showing that ODIs can enhance service quality, strengthen management, and improve organizational performance, offering a scalable framework for Myanmar’s private healthcare sector.

Improving Employee Job Performance at the Local Family Business through Organization Development Interventions

2025-08-19T06:46:59+00:00

This research investigates how organizational development interventions (ODIs) can improve employee job performance in a family-run business, Sein Hinn Company. A mixed-methods approach was applied to address key organizational weaknesses in employee engagement, interpersonal communication, and organizational commitment, identified through individual interviews and SWOT analysis. Quantitative data were collected from 108 top-level managers Pre and Post ODI, using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and paired sample t-tests to measure changes and relationships between variables. The findings revealed significant positive differences in all variables Post-ODI, indicating improved performance outcomes. Additionally, qualitative data from 15 senior managers provided deeper insights through thematic content analysis. Key themes emerged: enhanced recognition, trust in leadership, better communication, improved collaboration, and practical performance improvements like task prioritization and overall management. These results informed a targeted action plan and training program addressing core behavioral changes. The study concludes that the tailored ODI significantly enhanced organizational dynamics and employee job performance, emphasizing the need for ongoing strategic interventions in family-owned businesses.

University Freshmen’s Career Decision-Making and Psychological Capital: A Comparative Study between the Pre-ODI and Post-ODI at ABC University, China

2025-08-24T00:25:33+00:00

This study explores using an Organization Development Intervention (ODI), incorporating Appreciative Inquiry (A.I.) and SMART goal-setting to change the Psychological Capital (PsyCap) of Chinese first-year university students in enhancing their Career Decision-Making (CDM) abilities. A mixed-methods approach was employed with 60 first-year student volunteers. Surveys and focus group interviews were conducted before and after the intervention for quantitative and qualitative data collection. Reflection reports during the ODI process were gathered to provide further evidence to support the qualitative research. After six weeks of intervention, mixed results were produced. In the quantitative analysis, significant improvements were observed in the PsyCap components of self-efficacy and resilience, while hope and optimism showed moderate change. In contrast, qualitative findings indicated notable positive changes in students’ attitudes, behaviors, and clarity regarding career planning, demonstrating that the ODI contributes meaningfully to their PsyCap and CDM development. These findings suggest that universities should embed structured interventions into first-year early-stage courses to strengthen students’ psychological resources and prepare them for the evolving labor market.

Designing a Skill Enhancement Training Program to Improve Employee Performance at ABC Company

2025-09-13T11:18:27+00:00

This research focuses on developing a performance-enhancing training program for employees of ABC Company. Currently, employees demonstrate the necessary competencies to complete their jobs, but a skills gap exists that prevents them from performing at their best. The absence of a formal training framework has hindered their professionalism, eroded their confidence, and compromised their ability to deliver quality service. This research intends to identify the skills that need development and reflect on how these skill gaps impact day-to-day performance. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and reflective questions with employees and supervisors, focusing on their opinions on current performance, their peak performance experiences, and the skills they wish to develop in the future. Interviews were held for a total number of eight (8) participants (4 sales team members, two digital marketing team members, one owner, and one manager), one-on-one, to find out what skills were most important for development. Informants discussed how well people are doing now, their best performance to date, and areas where they want to improve. The results showed that the employees are devoted and dedicated to providing a solid foundation on which to build their performance. This commitment to skill development is tied to a structured training program that enables employees to develop their skills, supporting their performance. The research revealed a strong need for role-specific and practical skills, as employees desire ‘on-the-job’ training opportunities that are relevant to their actual job roles. The skills gaps identified by employees were pitching sales, explaining products, creating digital content, and using Excel

Exploring Employee Perceptions of Best Practices that Support Long-Term Retention in a Foreign-Invested Manufacturing Company in Thailand

2025-09-09T06:15:23+00:00

This study explores determinants influencing long-term employee retention at Hong Zin Tai Industry Company Limited in Thailand. Using Organizational Support Theory, Social Exchange Theory, and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, the research examines how workplace practices, leadership styles, compensation, and workload management impact production workers' intention to stay. Data from interviews with eight employees were analyzed using the Appreciative Inquiry 5D framework and SOAR analysis. Results show that perceived organizational support, approachable leadership, fair compensation, and manageable workloads are key factors in retention. Employees placed less emphasis on career development, highlighting a gap between theory and practice. Retention priorities change over the employee lifecycle, with newcomers valuing integration, mid-tenure staff seeking fairness, and long-tenured employees valuing stability and relationships. Effective retention strategies in small manufacturing settings should focus on tangible support, organizational care, and consistent leadership, while reevaluating development pathways. These findings contribute to HR management in foreign-invested manufacturing enterprises, highlighting the importance of adaptable retention approaches.

Key Strategies to Enhance Capacity Building: A Case Study of KMSS Social Protection Unit, Myanmar

2025-09-12T01:26:22+00:00

This study explores capacity building in the Karuna Mission Social Solidarity (KMSS) Social Protection Unit in Myanmar, focusing on challenges posed by political uncertainty after the military coup. It examines how training, stakeholder engagement, and resource allocation drive effective Project Cycle Management (PCM) in this faith-based organization. Through qualitative case study methods, eight senior KMSS officials were interviewed remotely, with data analyzed via thematic analysis and cross-coding for training, stakeholder engagement, and resource allocation. Findings reveal challenges including high staff turnover, communication barriers, and field security risks, alongside successes like targeted training, stakeholder collaboration, and adaptive strategies amid instability. Training significantly enhanced staff performance, while stakeholder engagement strengthened coordination and organizational capacity. To apply this training effectively, KMSS leverages its Dynamic Capability to strategically mobilize resources, supporting newly developed skills. These findings align with the integrated framework of Andragogy Theory, Dynamic Capabilities Theory, and Stakeholder Theory, which collectively underscore the interplay of learning, adaptation, and collaboration in building resilience. The study recommends a structured Organizational Development plan, including enhanced MEAL systems, regular training, mentorship, improved cooperation, systematic resource strategies, and conflict-sensitive approaches

A Strategic Plan to Enhance Students’ Satisfaction: A Case of Pre-School Program at a Public Vocational College in Guizhou, China

2025-08-16T13:45:55+00:00

This study investigates the key factors influencing student satisfaction in a vocational preschool education program in Guizhou, China. Drawing from 311 valid student responses, the research examines the effects of five institutional dimensions: Course Structure, Student Engagement, Academic Aspects Service, Non-Academic Aspects Service, and Educational Facilities. A mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and paired-sample t-tests, while qualitative insights were derived from interviews. Results indicated that all five factors had a significant impact on student satisfaction. A Strategic Plan Process, co-developed with instructors and piloted with 30 participants over 12 weeks, led to improved perceptions across all six variables, despite not being formally implemented. Interview findings reinforced these results, highlighting the value of participatory planning in enhancing student engagement and satisfaction. The study suggests that involving students in strategic educational design can improve the perceived quality of institutional services and learning experiences in vocational settings.

An Exploration of Cognition and Personality Through the Lens of Cognitive Style

2025-08-24T01:55:32+00:00

This study reappraises cognitive style at the intersection of cognitive development and personality. Traditionally conceptualised as a bipolar continuum contrasting significantly different modes of information processing, cognitive style has often been aligned with personality traits ranging from conscientiousness to openness. Our review, supported by correlational evidence, challenges this duality. Results show that openness is positively associated with nonlinear thinking, while conscientiousness is potentially unrelated to linearity, the latter is related to psychological climate. Moreover, linear and nonlinear measures are positively correlated, suggesting additive rather than opposing processes. When considering Kirton’s cognitive style bipolar framework, originality is aligned with both nonlinearity and openness, while linearity is unrelated to conformity. Drawing on Piaget’s theory, we distinguish the concrete stage, which supports learned, socially adaptive, and linear behaviour, from the formal stage, which enables additively both linear reasoning and nonlinear abstraction. Because fewer than half of adults reach formal cognition, many remain limited to linear thought. A similar position exists with the bipolar configuration, where a normal distribution shows half of the population limited to adaptive (linear) reasoning. These findings indicate that linearity relates to a socially shaped mode of information processing, whereas nonlinearity corresponds with, or is even replaced by, openness. This reconceptualization highlights how education’s emphasis on linear learning may constrain problem-solving, leadership, and the developmental potential of an individual.

Assessing Adults’ Privacy Risk, Attitude, and Behavioral Intention Toward Mobile Health Communities in Mianyang, China

2025-08-02T14:13:19+00:00

This study investigates the behavioral intention of adults in Mianyang, China, to use mobile health communities (MHCs). Drawing upon the Trust-Risk Framework, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), and Social Cognitive Theory, a structural equation model was developed to examine how performance expectancy, trust, self-efficacy, privacy risk, social influence, and attitude influence user intention. A total of 450 valid questionnaires were collected from adult users in Mianyang, China, all of whom had prior experience using MHCs. Participants were recruited through a structured online survey. CFA was employed to verify construct validity, and SEM was used to test the model fit and hypothesized relationships. The findings reveal that attitude is the strongest predictor of behavioral intention, followed by trust and self-efficacy. Trust reduces perceived privacy risk and strengthens user attitude, forming a layered cognitive-affective pathway. Social influence shows a moderate yet significant effect, while performance expectancy exhibits limited impact—indicating that users prioritize emotional security and trust over functional efficiency in digital health settings. This research contributes to digital health adoption theory by contextualizing trust and risk in a high-sensitivity environment. It offers practical guidance for platform design, digital literacy training, and policy support aimed at improving user acceptance and sustained engagement.

Factors Impacting Chinese College Students’ Perceived Usefulness and Continuance Intention Toward an Online Learning Platform in Yibin, China

2025-07-17T13:28:44+00:00

This study investigates the factors influencing Chinese college students’ perceived usefulness and continuance intention regarding an online learning platform in Yibin, China. Based on the Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a conceptual framework was developed with five independent variables (Information Quality (IQ), System Quality (SQ), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Social Influence (SI), and Interactivity (INT)), one mediating variable - Perceived Usefulness (PU), and one dependent variable - Continuance Intention (CI)). A structured questionnaire was distributed to 500 senior undergraduate students from four majors at Sichuan University of Science & Engineering (Yibin campus). Empirical findings indicate that all five independent variables—IQ, SQ, PEU, SI, and INT—positively and significantly affect PU. Furthermore, both PU and PEU have significant direct impacts on CI. PU plays a key mediating role, linking system and social factors to usage behavior. These observations reaffirm prior scholarly work in technology adoption and on learning, supporting the premise that students’ judgments of content quality, platform usability, social environment, and interactive features critically shape their evaluation of usefulness, which in turn influences their CI to use online learning platforms. The findings offer practical insights for improving online learning platforms through enhanced quality, interactivity, and social engagement features.

Factors Affecting Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior in Virtual Learning Among Students of the College of Social Sciences, Norton University, Cambodia

2025-08-17T11:56:34+00:00

Universities are integrating e-learning into their programs. However, many factors influence students’ adoption of technology for learning, and there is no consistent research agreement on this topic. This study identifies the factors that affect the behavioral intention and use behavior of virtual learning among students at Norton University, Cambodia. This study followed the three models: the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, and the Technology Acceptance Model. A questionnaire and a quantitative method were used to gather data from 500 respondents in years 2, 3, and 4. The item-objective congruence was used to evaluate content validity, and a pilot test of the questionnaire was conducted to assess Cronbach’s alpha for reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling are employed to evaluate the goodness of fit and hypothesis testing. As a result, behavioral intention was found to have a strong relationship with use behavior, followed by effort expectancy, social influence, and hedonic motivation. The insignificant factors include perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, computer self-efficacy, performance expectancy, and facilitating conditions. This study recommends improving students' engagement in virtual learning by enhancing effort expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation, and behavioral intention. The insignificant variables, such as perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, computer self-efficacy, performance expectancy, and facilitating conditions, are also necessary for improvement. Universities and course designers should prioritize educating students on digital literacy to ensure their effective engagement with technology for learning. This will increase their experiences and prepare them to interact with e-learning in the future, especially in the digital age.

Determinants of Customer Experience of the Chao Phraya Princess Cruise: A Case of Bangkok -Based Chinese Customers

2025-09-12T01:29:42+00:00

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Determinants of Satisfaction with the Chao Phraya Princess Cruise among Chinese residents living in Bangkok. A qualitative research design was employed, using in-depth interviews with 8 Chinese customers who had participated in the cruise. These key informants were intentionally selected based on their direct cruise experience and their status as long-term Chinese residents in Bangkok, allowing them to offer informed perspectives that reflect both tourist expectations and local cultural familiarity. The interview questions focused on eight core themes: price perception, food quality, entertainment programs, tour quality, service quality, overall customer experience, and suggestions for improvement. The data was analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify key factors influencing customer perceptions. Key findings indicate that cultural entertainment and staff hospitality contribute significantly to customer satisfaction, while route design, digital engagement, and service customization require improvement. The study highlights the importance of cultural adaptation and personalized service strategies in enhancing customer experience in river-based tourism. These insights provide practical implications for cruise operators and tourism managers seeking to improve service quality and strengthen customer loyalty in Bangkok’s urban tourism sector.

Key Success Factors for Improving the Sales and Marketing Department's Performance of Two International Hotel Chains in Hua Hin

2025-09-19T01:47:59+00:00

This study explores the key managerial practices that drive the performance of sales and marketing departments in the hospitality industry, with a specific focus on Hotel A and Hotel B, guided by qualitative interview. The research aimed to identify the best current and future practices related to empathy, discipline, motivation, team communication, and leadership, uncover commonalities across participants’ insights into past, present, and future practices, and propose actionable recommendations for enhancing departmental performance. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with nine sales and marketing professionals. Thematic analysis revealed five core dimensions of effective management: leadership as the strategic driver of team direction and empowerment, empathy as a mechanism to maintain morale and reduce conflict, communication as a foundation for alignment and collaboration, motivation through both structured incentives and creative engagement, and adaptive discipline that balances accountability with flexibility. These findings underscore the interrelated nature of managerial practices and highlight the importance of emotional intelligence, cross-functional collaboration, and recognition systems in high-performance teams. The study concludes that sustainable departmental success in hospitality sales and marketing depends on a holistic balance of leadership, empathy, communication, motivation, and discipline. Practical recommendations include leadership development programs focused on emotional intelligence, structured communication systems, tailored recognition schemes, cross-departmental collaboration initiatives, and a balanced approach to discipline. These insights contribute to the body of knowledge on managerial best practices in the hospitality sector and offer actionable strategies for fostering resilient, high-performing teams in a competitive global environment.

Chinese Tourists’ Food Tourism Experience: A Case Study on Jianshe Road, Chengdu, China

2025-09-22T05:44:09+00:00

Abstract

This study takes Jianshe Road Snack Street in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China as its research context, focusing on Chinese tourist visiting Chengdu. The paper examines tourists’ food tourism experiences, focusing on food quality, service, pricing, and satisfaction, to offer practical and theoretical insights for improving Jianshe Road and similar food streets.The article employed qualitative methods for interview research, randomly selecting eight tourists from different places who were interested in food tourism and were playing on Jianshe Road for in-depth interviews. All interviews were recorded on video and transcribed into text. The main content of the interviews revolved around the central theme of food tourism experiences. Then, content analysis was used to integrate and summarize the entire interview content. Through this research investigation, it was found that tourists pay more attention to the freshness of food ingredients, whether the taste meets their standards. In terms of service and price, it is not simply about whether the price is high, low, or transparent. The cold service attitude of merchants forced sales, and chaotic queueing for food also affect the satisfaction of customers' food tourism experience. In terms of hygiene and environment, it is the bottom line for customers. Through the research conducted, it was found that the experience of food tourism could be better enhanced, providing effective assistance and suggestions for tourism planning departments and managers.

The Impact of Pet Attachment on Chinese Women’s Sense of Self-esteem, Mediated by Loneliness

2025-09-05T09:35:18+00:00

This study investigates how pet attachment influences Chinese women’s self-esteem, with loneliness examined as a mediating factor, addressing the growing relevance of pet companionship as a source of emotional support in contemporary China. Data were collected from 201 female pet owners across multiple provinces in northern and southern China between March and May 2025. All participants had continuously kept a pet for at least six months before the survey period. Participants completed a set of standardized questionnaires assessing pet attachment, loneliness, and self-esteem. Path analysis using multiple linear regression and the PROCESS macro tested the hypothesized relationships. The findings indicated that pet attachment exerted a positive direct effect on women’s self-esteem, while loneliness demonstrated a negative direct influence with self-esteem. Furthermore, higher pet attachment was significantly linked to lower loneliness. Loneliness also served as a partial mediator, explaining the indirect effect of pet attachment on self-esteem. These findings highlight the dual role of pet companionship in enhancing women’s psychological well-being, offering theoretical insight into non-human social support and practical implications for interventions aimed at promoting women’s mental health.

Factors Affecting Undergraduate’s Perceived Usefulness and Satisfaction with E-learning platform in Yibin, China

2025-09-08T05:55:00+00:00

This study examines the key factors influencing undergraduate students’ perceived usefulness and satisfaction with E-learning platforms in Yibin, China. Integrating the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Expectation Confirmation Model (ECM), and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), the proposed framework includes five independent variables: Self-Efficacy (SE), Perceived Ease of Use (PEU), Facilitating Conditions (FC), Social Influence (SI), and Confirmation (CON); one mediating variable Perceived Usefulness (PU), and one dependent variable: Satisfaction (SAT). A structured questionnaire was distributed to 500 senior undergraduates from four majors at Sichuan University of Science & Engineering (Yibin campus). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used for data analysis and model validation. Findings confirmed all six hypotheses. PU emerged as a central mediating factor, while CON and FC were found to significantly enhance student SAT. The study offers insights into optimizing support systems, usability, and learner engagement in digital education environments.

Factors Impacting Students' Satisfaction with Aesthetic Education：A Case Study Of A Public Vocational College In Sichuan, China

2025-08-19T06:37:44+00:00

The objective of this research is to investigate factors impacting students' satisfaction with aesthetic education. The study was conducted in a public vocational college in Sichuan, China. First, the research tool was validated using the item-objective consistency index (IOC). Then, a preliminary study was conducted to verify the reliability of the test and the data was analyzed using Jamovi. Third, the author used the stratified random sampling method to select 187 students as participants and collect the data. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to test the hypotheses. In the intervention design and implementation phase, the author used purposeful and convenience sampling, 30 students were selected for the intervention, The intervention was designed and implemented to evaluate its effectiveness. After intervention design and implementation (IDI), Paired sample t-tests were used to verify the effect of the intervention. The multiple linear regression showed that pleasure, arousal, aesthetics perceived quality and education perceived quality had significant effects on student satisfaction, while utilitarian value and social value had no significant effect on student satisfaction. Finally, the results of the paired-sample t-test showed significant differences in all variables except arousal (ARO) between pre-IDI and post-IDI, indicating that the intervention was effective. By enhancing students' satisfaction with aesthetic education, Neijiang Vocational and Technical College can strengthen art training, cultivate students' aesthetic abilities, and provide a high-quality, efficient platform for aesthetic experiences.

English Learning Needs of Vocational Undergraduate Students in China

2025-09-25T12:13:40+00:00

Guided by the needs analysis framework of Macalister and Nation (2020), this study employed a convergent mixed-methods design to investigate the English language learning needs of 324 vocational undergraduate students in China. A structured survey, featuring both closed-ended and open-ended questions, was administered to assess the three dimensions of needs: necessities, wants, and lacks. Quantitative results demonstrated a strong positive correlation between English learning needs and career development goals (r = .72, p < .01), coupled with significant variations across academic disciplines. Regarding learning preferences, a predominant majority (71.2%) favored blended learning models. Additionally, a paired-samples t-test identified a more pronounced deficiency in productive skills (speaking and writing) relative to receptive skills (t(323) = 8.32, p < .001). The study culminates in practical recommendations, including adopting a modular curriculum, enhancing the integration of blended learning, providing targeted training for productive skills, and fostering collaboration between language and content instructors. These findings offer evidence-based directions for reforming English curricula in vocational undergraduate education and contribute to the broader application of needs analysis theory within the unique context of Chinese vocational higher education.