Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (ISSN: 2408-1906)

EDITORIAL

2025-04-25T06:12:36+00:00

The Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (JIR) is a tri-annual international journal committed to publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed articles in the field of Social Sciences. The journal serves as a platform for scholarly dialogue and the dissemination of research across various academic disciplines.

Beginning with this volume, we are pleased to announce that JIR has been officially indexed in the Thai Citation Index (TCI), Tier 2. This recognition marks an important milestone in our continuous efforts to promote excellence in academic research.

JIR is an open-access journal with a core objective to foster meaningful academic exchange among researchers, scholars, and students from diverse backgrounds. We strive to be a hub for interdisciplinary conversations and knowledge sharing on emerging trends and pressing issues in the global academic landscape.

This volume features 15 outstanding articles contributed by researchers from different countries and academic institutions. The articles encompass a range of research methodologies—including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-method approaches—across themes such as educational leadership, educational technology, teaching with technology, management, and learning processes. The diversity of perspectives presented reflects the journal’s commitment to cross-cultural and multi-contextual research.

We extend our sincere gratitude and appreciation to all contributing researchers for their dedication to advancing knowledge that benefits society and enriches academic inquiry.

The Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (JIR) will continue to support the academic community by providing a platform for publishing impactful research and fostering the exchange of ideas across disciplines.

JIR publishes three issues per year:

January–April (Issue 1)
May–August (Issue 2)
September–December (Issue 3)

We welcome submissions that align with the journal’s vision of promoting interdisciplinary scholarship and addressing complex issues through collaborative research.

Examing Determinants of High School Students’ Satisfaction and Learning Outcome in Heilongjiang, China

2025-03-12T02:53:56+00:00

Purpose: This study aims to examine the factors influencing the satisfaction of 4th-year high school students in Heilongjiang Province, China. Gaining insights into these factors will help improve the overall quality of education and student experience. Research design, data and methodology: A quantitative research design was employed, using survey data collected from a sample of 550 male 4th-year high school students in Heilongjiang Province. The questionnaire assessed variables such as the quality of academic staff, school facilities, curriculum relevance, and student support services. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the relationships between these factors and student satisfaction. Results: The analysis has shown that all proposed factors positive influence overall satisfaction, by having student support services, school’s reputation, and the quality of programs as the greatest contributors. The research framework demonstrated strong reliability, with factor loadings and goodness-of-fit indices meeting acceptable thresholds. Conclusions: The findings suggest that improving access to resources, enhancing academic programs, and building institutional reputation are key strategies for increasing both student satisfaction and learning outcomes in high schools. Educational policymakers should focus on these areas to foster a more engaging and fulfilling learning experience for students.

An Investigation on Factors Influencing Satisfaction and Loyalty of Online Shopping Customers in China

2025-03-11T08:51:12+00:00

Purpose: This study investigates the factors influencing customer satisfaction and loyalty in online shopping among Chinese consumers, focusing on the impact of response, security and privacy, payment methods, and disconfirmation of information, service, and product quality on customer satisfaction and loyalty. Research design, data and methodology: A quantitative methodology was adopted, utilizing data collected from 550 online shoppers in China through a structured questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were employed to examine the relationships between the variables. Results: The analysis indicates that all proposed constructs were positively correlated with online shopping customers’ satisfaction and loyalty. Among these factors, product quality, security/privacy and service quality have the most significant influence on satisfaction, which, in turn, indirectly affects customer loyalty. Conclusions: This study highlights key factors influencing customer satisfaction and loyalty in China’s e-commerce, emphasizing the practical importance of secure transactions, efficient payment processes, accurate information, and responsive service. The findings underscore overall satisfaction as a critical mediator, guiding businesses to optimize service quality for long-term customer retention. By aligning with emerging trends in China’s digital economy, this research contributes to the literature on e-commerce growth, offering actionable insights for enhancing competitive advantage.

Factors Influencing Undergraduates’ Engagement and Satisfaction with Online Teaching in Chengdu, China

2025-03-13T03:04:56+00:00

Purpose: The research aimed to examine the factors influencing undergraduates' engagement and satisfaction with online teaching in Chengdu, China. The conceptual framework proposed the relationships among Teachers' self-efficacy, Teachers' technical readiness, Teachers' empathy, Teachers' responsiveness, Students' sensory requirements, Students' engagement and Students' satisfaction. Research design, data and methodology: The researcher used multistage sampling techniques to select the sample. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 500 undergraduates from Xihua University in Chengdu, China. Cronbach's Alpha was used to assess the reliability, while skewness and kurtosis tests evaluated data normality. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to ensure the model’s validity and, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to assess model fit and test hypotheses. Results: The results explicated that teachers' self-efficacy and teachers' technical readiness have significant influence on students' engagement. Teachers' self-efficacy, teachers' technical readiness, teachers' responsiveness, teachers' empathy, students' sensory requirements and students' engagement have significant influence on students' satisfaction. Conclusions: Eight hypotheses were proven to fulfil the research objectives. Universities are suggested to continuously enhance teachers' self-efficacy and online teaching techniques, while also prioritizing students' reactions and emotional well-being. Additionally, fostering students' engagement in online teaching can effectively improve students' satisfaction with online teaching, ultimately leading to better learning outcomes.

Enhancing Entrepreneurial Intentions through Self-Efficacy: A Study of Art Students in Hubei, China

2025-03-12T05:18:04+00:00

Purpose: This study explores the influence of five variables—entrepreneurial education, self-efficacy, personal attitude, social norms, and perceived behavioral control on the entrepreneurial intentions of art students at a university in Hubei, China. The focus is particularly on identifying which factors significantly affect these intentions. Research design, data and methodology: Employing a mixed-method approach, the research collected data from 60 students using quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews. Multiple linear regression analysis was utilized to determine the impact of each variable on entrepreneurial intentions. All participants were involved in a 14-week strategic intervention program, with data from pre- and post-intervention analyzed through paired-sample t-tests. Results: The regression analysis confirmed that self-efficacy (H2) had a significant and positive impact on students’ entrepreneurial intentions, highlighting its pivotal role compared to the other variables tested. This research underscores the importance of enhancing self-efficacy to foster entrepreneurial intentions among students. Conclusions: Educational institutions can leverage these insights to design interventions that effectively cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset, especially focusing on boosting self-efficacy among students in creative fields.

Factors Impacting Students' Learning Behavioral Intentions with Online Teaching in Design Education: A Case Study of a Public University in Nanchang, China

2025-03-04T08:50:06+00:00

Purpose: This study examines factors influencing students’ learning behavior intentions in online design education. It aims to enhance understanding of how online learning environments can be optimized to meet evolving educational needs. Research design, data and methodology: The study develops hypotheses and constructs a model based on current research and relevant theories. Data is obtained through a questionnaire survey, which is then statistically analyzed to test the proposed theoretical hypotheses. The methodology includes evaluations such as Item-Objective Congruence (IOC), Pilot Testing, and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis to assess the reliability and validity of the findings, focusing on perspectives from both teachers and students. Results: The study identifies key factors influencing students’ learning intentions in online design education, emphasizing the importance of communication, engagement, and the learning environment. Additionally, challenges such as the lack of face-to-face interaction and emotional connectivity are highlighted as significant barriers to effective learning. Conclusions: This study offers theoretical and empirical insights to improve online design education. Educators can apply these findings by fostering interactive learning spaces, incorporating real-time feedback, and using collaborative projects to enhance engagement. Recognizing these critical factors allows educators to refine their teaching strategies, foster motivation, and improve learning outcomes in online design education.

Factors Affecting the Resilience of Science and Engineering Students at GXUST in Liuzhou, Guangxi, China

2025-03-07T02:59:20+00:00

Purpose: This study examines the impact of four independent variables—self-efficacy, optimism, self-esteem, and physical exercise—on one dependent variable: resilience. The research aims to identify any statistically significant relationships among these variables. Research design, data and methodology: This study assessed validity using the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) and reliability through a pilot study with 30 participants (Cronbach's Alpha). A multiple linear regression analysis of 302 valid student responses from Guangxi University of Science and Technology examined relationships among variables. Additionally, a 12-week Intervention Design Implementation (IDI) program with 30 students was evaluated using a paired-sample t-test to compare pre- and post-intervention results. Results: Self-efficacy, optimism, self-esteem, and physical exercise significantly influenced resilience in the regression analysis. The paired-sample t-test showed significant improvements in all variables after the IDI program. Conclusions: This study confirms that self-efficacy, optimism, self-esteem, and physical exercise significantly enhance students' resilience, contributing to existing research on psychological resilience in higher education. The effectiveness of the Intervention Design Implementation (IDI) program highlights practical applications for developing targeted interventions to support student well-being. These findings can inform educational policies and mental health strategies aimed at fostering resilience. Future research should explore long-term effects and cross-cultural variations to enhance resilience-building approaches.

Factors Impacting Teachers' Job Satisfaction in Chinese Foreign Language Universities: A Case Study of a Foreign Language University in Western China

2025-03-12T05:45:45+00:00

Purpose: The study examines the influence of five independent variables—teacher collaboration, disciplinary climate, work goals, working conditions, and stakeholder participation—on a single dependent variable, teacher job satisfaction. Furthermore, the study seeks to determine whether significant differences exist among these variables. Research design, data and methodology: A validity assessment using the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) and a reliability test with Cronbach’s Alpha (n=30) were conducted. Multiple linear regression analyzed 170 teacher responses from Sichuan International Studies University of Science and Technology. A 14-week Strategic Plan (SP) was implemented with 30 teachers, followed by a paired-sample t-test to compare job satisfaction levels. Results: Multiple linear regression confirmed significant effects of all independent variables on teacher job satisfaction. Furthermore, the results of the paired-sample t-test revealed a significant difference in teacher job satisfaction between the current situation and the expected situation. Conclusions: By identifying critical determinants and testing the effectiveness of strategic interventions, this research contributes to the broader discourse on teacher well-being and professional fulfillment. The implications of these findings extend beyond Sichuan International Studies University of Science and Technology, offering practical recommendations for policymakers and educational administrators aiming to enhance teacher job satisfaction in similar institutional and regional settings.

Factors Influencing University Students’ English Learning Motivation: A Case Study of a Public University in Henan Province, China

2025-03-13T02:55:51+00:00

Purpose: This study investigates the influence of four independent variables (Hybrid Learning, Relations between Teachers and Students, Confidence, and Proactive Personality) on one dependent variable (English Learning Motivation). Additionally, it aims to identify significant differences between variables. Research design, data, and methodology: The study employed the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) for validity and Cronbach's Alpha in a pilot test for reliability. A total of 132 valid responses from students at a public university in Henan Province, China, were analyzed using multiple linear regression to verify significant relationships between variables. Following this, a group of 40 students participated in a 12-week Intervention Design Implementation (IDI). Afterwards, quantitative results from post-IDI and pre-IDI assessments were analyzed using a paired-sample t-test for comparison. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that hybrid learning, relations between teachers and students, confidence, and proactive personality significantly impacted English learning motivation. Additionally, the paired-sample t-test demonstrated a significant difference in English learning motivation between the post-IDI and pre-IDI stages. Conclusions: This research aims to foster students' creativity by cultivating their self-leadership skills within the context of a public university in Henan Province, China.

The effectiveness of Music Hearing learning Outcomes of Higher Education Chinese Students

2025-03-12T05:29:17+00:00

Purpose: This study focuses on the effectiveness of music majors using EarMaster software for music hearing training. The research objectives are as follows: 1. To determine whether using music learning software can improve the learning effect of hearing training; 2. Determine the difference in learning effect between the use of learning software and the use of traditional learning methods; 3. Determine students' learning attitude towards music hearing training by using music learning software. Research design, data, and methodology: A quasi-experiment and questionnaire survey were used. A total of 192 students were selected using the purposive sampling method. Music perception, analysis, and reproduction ability were tested in an eight-week quasi-experiment. Through a questionnaire survey, the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and learning attitude towards the software use were investigated. Results: After the experimental intervention, the students in the experimental group improved significantly higher than the control group in music perception, analysis ability, reproduction ability, and total score on hearing test. Conclusions: The method of using music learning software significantly improves the hearing ability of music majors compared with the traditional learning method. The research has a specific value to the practice of listening and learning for music majors.

Examining Influential Factors of Students' Academic Burnout: A Case Study at a University in Yunnan, China

2025-03-17T14:02:48+00:00

Purpose: This study explores the significance of influences among four independent variables—self-efficacy, self-compassion, professional identity, and life satisfaction—on the dependent variable, academic burnout. Research design, data and methodology: The research employed the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) to assess validity and Cronbach’s Alpha in a pilot test (n=30) to measure reliability. A total of 140 valid responses from students at Yunnan Minzu University were analyzed using multiple linear regression to verify significant relationships between variables. Following this, a group of 30 students participated in a 14-week Intervention Design Implementation (IDI). Afterwards, the quantitative results from post-IDI and pre-IDI assessments were analyzed using a paired-sample t-test for comparison. Results: The multiple linear regression analysis indicates that self-efficacy, self-compassion, professional identity, and life satisfaction significantly impact students' academic burnout. Additionally, the paired-sample t-test results reveal significant differences in self-efficacy, self-compassion, professional identity, life satisfaction, and academic burnout between the pre-IDI and post-IDI stages. Conclusions: This study offers implications for reducing academic burnout through the enhancement of self-efficacy, self-compassion, professional identity, and life satisfaction. The findings provide a foundation for designing targeted interventions and support programs in higher education aimed at promoting student well-being, academic engagement, and long-term personal and professional development.

Factors Impacting E-Commerce Performance via Big Data Analytics in Hangzhou

2025-03-17T11:42:39+00:00

Purpose: This study investigates the factors influencing firm performance (FP) through big data analytics (BDA) in E-commerce companies. Specifically, it examines the effects of integration (INT), global sourcing (GS), competitive advantage (CA), business value (BVAL), and satisfaction (SAT) on FP, along with the effect of INT on GS and BVAL on SAT. Research design, data and methodology: Based on the resource-based view (RBV), dynamic capability view (DCV), and information systems (IS) success model, a quantitative approach was adopted. Data were collected from 500 employees across eight types of E-commerce companies in Hangzhou using stratified random sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test hypotheses and analyze relationships among variables. Results: BVAL has the strongest effect on SAT, INT significantly enhances GS, but its direct effect on FP is unsupported. GS, BVAL, CA, and SAT significantly impact FP. This study highlights the strategic value of BDA in driving performance outcomes. Conclusions: This offers actionable insights for E-commerce firms to strengthen integration, optimize sourcing, create business value, and enhance satisfaction. By focusing on these areas, businesses can better navigate the global digital marketplace, build sustainable competitive advantages, and improve overall firm performance.

Factors Influencing College Students' Cinema Visits for Animated Movies: A Case Study of Sichuan Universities in China

2025-03-12T06:01:00+00:00

Purpose: This study explores the factors influencing college students' behavioral intention to watch animated movies in cinemas. The conceptual framework includes five independent variables and one dependent variable. Research design, data and methodology: The study employs the Index of Objective Consistency (IOC) for validity analysis and administers a small-scale questionnaire for testing, using Cronbach's Alpha for reliability analysis. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on 166 valid responses from students in Sichuan Province, China, to examine the relationships between the variables. Subsequently, an Intervention Design Experiment (IDI) was conducted with 30 college students. A paired-sample t-test was performed to compare the quantitative results before and after the IDI. Results: The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control, and Eudaimonic Motivation significantly influenced college students' intention to watch animated movies in cinemas. Finally, the paired-sample t-test results indicated significant differences between Pre-IDI and Post-IDI. Conclusions: This study contributes by showing that enhancing Attitude, Perceived Behavioral Control, and Eudaimonic Motivation increases university students' intention to watch animated movies in Sichuan. These findings serve as a strategic reference for film industry professionals and cinema operators in designing marketing strategies and interventions targeting university students.

An AI-Driven Approach in Visual Communication Design at Huaiyin Institute of Technology, China

2025-03-17T12:19:58+00:00

Purpose: This study explores the impact of an AI-driven instructional approach in a Visual Communication Design course at Huaiyin Institute of Technology, China, aiming to enhance creative design skills. It identifies key factors influencing AI adoption in education, including technology characteristics, task characteristics, task-technology fit, learners' perceived AI competency, and perceived intelligence. Research design, data, and methodology: The research involved 450 students, using a multi-step sampling method to ensure diversity. Content validity was confirmed using an Item Objective Congruence (IOC) Index, and reliability was established through a pilot test (n=50) and Cronbach’s Alpha. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were applied to analyze the data. Results: Technology characteristics significantly influenced task-technology fit, and task characteristics had a stronger impact on task-technology fit. Task-technology fit positively affected intention to use AI. Perceived learners’ AI competency and perceived intelligence both significantly influenced intention to use AI. Finally, intention to use AI had a strong effect on actual usage of AI. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide valuable insights into how AI-driven instructional approaches can boost students' creativity and engagement, assisting educational institutions in effectively integrating AI technologies into design courses. This research contributes to the development of pedagogical strategies that harness AI to foster innovation and creativity in design education.

A Study on Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior Toward Mobile Payment Among University Students in Nanning, China

2025-03-17T13:14:51+00:00

Purpose: The study examines key factors influencing behavioral intention and actual use of mobile payment services among university students in Nanning, China. The proposed framework explores the relationships among Social Influence (SI), Effort Expectancy (EE), Trust (TS), Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Risk (PR), Habit (HB), Behavioral Intention (BI), and Use Behavior (UB). Research design, data and methodology: The researcher conducted a questionnaire survey among 500 university students in Nanning, China. Participants were purposefully selected from four main colleges of Guangxi University, following stratified random sampling guidelines. Data were collected online using a convenience sampling approach. For analysis, CFA and SEM were applied to evaluate model fit, reliability, and structural validity. Results: The findings indicate that social influence, effort expectancy, trust, perceived usefulness, perceived risk, and habit significantly affect behavioral intention. Behavioral intention, in turn, strongly influences use behavior. Among these factors, perceived usefulness had the greatest impact on behavioral intention, followed by trust and social influence. Conclusions: The statistical results supported all seven research hypotheses, confirming that the study successfully met its objectives. To enhance mobile payment adoption, policymakers and service providers should prioritize key influencing factors and implement effective optimization strategies.

Short Video Platforms for Learning: What Drives Undergraduates' Satisfaction and Continued Use in Chengdu

2025-04-02T15:10:25+00:00

Purpose: This study develops a structural model to examine factors influencing student satisfaction and continuance intention in using short video platforms for educational purposes. Given the rapid growth of the short video industry, the research provides a reference framework for understanding technology adoption in digital learning. Research design, data and methodology: A quantitative approach was adopted using an online questionnaire distributed to 500 liberal arts students at Geely University in Chengdu, China. Non-probability sampling included judgment, quota, and convenience methods. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) assessed reliability and model fit, while Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) examined relationships among constructs. Results: SEM analysis confirmed all six hypotheses. Perceived usefulness (β = 0.284), perceived enjoyment (β = 0.168), product novelty (β = 0.155), and privacy protection behavior (β = 0.224) significantly affected satisfaction. Satisfaction (β = 0.348) and informational social influence (β = 0.223) positively influenced continuance intention. Conclusions: The findings offer practical guidance for educators, platform designers, and content developers. Enhancing content usefulness, enjoyment, novelty, and privacy measures can significantly improve learner satisfaction. Moreover, fostering a socially supportive learning environment encourages sustained engagement with short video platforms, ultimately improving digital learning outcomes.