Scholar: Human Sciences

EDITORIAL

Rawin Vongurai — 2025-12-24

The Scholar: Human Sciences, a journal encompassing the fields of humanities and social sciences, has earned acclaim in the Thailand Citation Index (TCI) as a prominent publication since 2015. It currently holds the esteemed TCI: TIER1 classification. We take great pride in presenting the latest issue, which features a collection of manuscripts that have undergone rigorous evaluation. Each submission has been meticulously reviewed through a blinded review process by three specialized reviewers from different institutions, both internal and external to the authors. This peer-reviewed accreditation ensures the scholarly quality and integrity of the published articles.

This issue covers thirty-one articles. The first article titled “Elements Influencing College Graduate Students' Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention to Employ MOOC in Chengdu, China” examined the factors that affect learners' behavioral intention and satisfaction with MOOC learning in Chengdu, China.

The second article titled “Investigation on Student Immersion and Buying Intent on Chengdu Live Platforms” focused on the factors that impact the immersion and purchase intentions of university students in Chengdu on live streaming platforms.

The third article titled “Developing Business Students’ Learning Performance in Chongqing, China” identified effective strategies for enhancing students' learning outcomes.

The fourth article titled “Factors Influencing Students’ Intention to Use E-Learning in Zhanjiang, China” examined the factors influencing students’ behavioral intention to use e-learning in Zhanjiang, China.

The fifth articled titled “Exploring What Drives Undergraduates at Xihua University in Chengdu to Stick with Short Video Apps” proposed a causal relationship among information sharing, information seeking, social interaction, entertainment, facilitating condition, and satisfaction impacting continuance intention.

The sixth article titled “Uncovering the Key Factors Behind Junior College Students' Satisfaction and Commitment to E-Learning in Jiangxi, China” examines the factors influencing junior college students' satisfaction and continued intention to engage in e-learning in Jiangxi, China.

The seventh article titled “Developing Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in Jilin, China” proposed strategies for improvement to enhance the quality of education and promote educational reform.

The eighth article titled “An Empirical Study on How Strategic Plan Interventions Boost Teachers' Job Satisfaction at Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology in Guangdong Province” explored the impact of school culture, resources, workload, training, and development on teachers’ job satisfaction in private undergraduate universities and identifies significant differences between variables.

The ninth article titled “Understanding the Drivers of College Students' Attitudes and Intentions Towards Online Shopping in China” explored the factors that influence the purchase intention of online shopping among college students in Zhanjiang, China.

The tenth article titled “Enhancing Learning Satisfaction in Technology-Driven Education: A Case Study from a Public University in Chongqing, China” explained perceived learning effectiveness, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and information technology emerged as crucial predictors and antecedents of learning satisfaction.

The eleventh article titled “Exploring the Drivers of Employee Creativity in Chengdu's State-Owned Creative Enterprises in Chengdu, China” aimed to investigate the key factors that affect the development of employee creativity in state-owned creative companies in Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

The twelfth article titled “Impacting Factors of College Students’ Satisfaction with Leadership Education in Jiaxing, China” explored the factors influencing students’ satisfaction with leadership education in a public university in Jiaxing, China.

The thirteenth article titled “Enhancing Online Meeting Adoption Among Chengdu's Youth” identified the determinants of young people's satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and continued intention to use online meetings in Chengdu, China.

The fourteenth article titled “Exploring the Influences on Leadership Skills Development Among Dance Students at a Normal University in Lanzhou, China” provided strategic planning and a foundation for future interventions to enhance students' leadership competencies.

The fifteenth article titled “Key Factors of Undergraduate Satisfaction and Continued Use of Mobile Shopping Apps in Yibin, China” examined the significant impact of key factors of mobile shopping applications on satisfaction and intention to reuse among university students in Yibin, China.

The sixteenth article titled “Exploring the Link Between Product Innovation and Firm Performance: Empirical Insights from Energy Enterprises in Yunnan, China” constructed a comprehensive theoretical framework to test the influence of key resource factors within the frameworks of the Resource-Based View and Customer Relationship Management theories on product innovation and firm performance.

The seventeenth article titled “Unveiling the Influencers of Online Shopping Intentions: A Case Study of Public University Students in Chengdu, China” investigated the determinants influencing students' inclination to online shopping at a public university in Chengdu, China.

The eighteenth article titled “Key Influencers of Virtual Community Knowledge-Sharing Among Chengdu University Students” aimed to investigate the key influencers that significantly impact the willingness of college students to share knowledge using virtual communities in four universities in Chengdu, Sichuan.

The nineteenth article titled “Key Factors Shaping Transformational Leadership Training for Student Cadres: A Case Study from a Public Normal University in Chengdu, China” has demonstrated the ability of college student cadres to acquire leadership and comprehensive qualities through the growth of transformational leadership, which has made a significant contribution.

The twentieth article titled “Key Factors Influencing Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intentions on Online Shopping Platforms in Chengdu, China” investigate the key factors that substantially impact online shopping satisfaction and repurchase intention of three majors at a university in Chengdu, China.

The twenty-first article titled “An Investigation on Key Factors Influencing Consumers' Green Purchase Behavior in Zhengzhou, China” identified and analyzes the factors influencing consumers’ green purchase behavior in Zhengzhou, China.

The twenty-second article titled “Key Drivers of Satisfaction and Adoption Intentions for E-Government Among Chengdu's Government Employees” investigated the crucial elements that significantly impact the intent to utilize E-government services among employees within government departments across three distinct regions in Chengdu, China.

The twenty-third article titled “Key Factors Shaping Undergraduate Attitudes and Purchase Intentions for Live-Stream Shopping: A Study in Mianyang, China” aimed to study the factors influencing the Live-stream Shopping Cognitive attitudes and purchase intentions of undergraduate students in Mianyang.

The twenty-fourth article titled “Exploring Factors Shaping Patients' Intentions to Adopt Cancer Management Apps: An Extended UTAUT Approach” aimed to identify the determinants of cancer patients’ behavioral intention to use cancer management applications based on the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model and other expanded variables.

The twenty-fifth article titled “Key Influencers of Intention to Use toward Internet of Things Devices for Residents in Hangzhou, China” study investigated factors affecting Hangzhou residents' intention to use IoT devices.

The twenty-sixth article titled “Key Factors Shaping Vocational College Students' Perceived Usefulness and Behavioral Intentions to Adopt Internet of Things (IoT) Technology in Sichuan, China” aimed to study which factors significantly impact students' behavioral intention and perceived usefulness in higher vocational colleges in Sichuan, China when using the Internet of Things (IoT).

The twenty-seventh article titled “Key Factors Affecting Junior College Students' Satisfaction and Loyalty Towards a Social Networking Services Platform in Chengdu, China” aims to research the critical factors impacting junior college students’ satisfaction and user loyalty when using a social networking platform.

The twenty-eighth article titled “An Empirical Study of Undergraduate Satisfaction and Adoption Intentions of Artificial Intelligence in Chengdu, China” aimed to investigate the important factors impacting the satisfaction and intention to use Artificial Intelligence of Undergraduates in Chengdu, China.

The twenty-ninth article titled “Key Drivers of Student Satisfaction in E-Learning: A Case Study of Higher Education at a Public University in Harbin, China” aimed to help school administrators address questions about E-learning and analyze the factors affecting student satisfaction with E-learning courses at a public university in Harbin, China.

The thirtieth article titled “Factors Impacting on Undergraduate Students’ Continuance Intention to Use Shiyibao Intelligent Translation Practice and Teaching Platform: A Case Study of a Private University in Guangdong, China” explored the factors influencing the continuance intention of undergraduate students to use the Shiyibao Intelligent Translation Practice and Teaching Platform in a private university in Guangdong, China.

The thirty-first article titled “The Effectiveness of Electronic Cigarette on Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis” examined the effect size of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation in adult smokers with subgroups analysis based on their intention to quit.

Elements Influencing College Graduate Students' Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention to Employ MOOC in Chengdu, China

Wang Mian — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This article examines the factors that affect learners' behavioral intention and satisfaction with MOOC learning in Chengdu, China. The conceptual framework is based on perceived usefulness, confirmation, learning engagement, performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, satisfaction, and behavioral intention variables. Research design, data, and methodology: A quantitative survey evaluation approach was employed throughout the inquiry. The quantitative research method was adopted in this study. 500 graduate students from the target university were selected as the sample size, and the final effective data was 462. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to assess the causal relationship between the factors that were being examined. Results: According to the survey results, all six hypotheses are valid. The results show that learners' satisfaction with MOOCs is the most important factor affecting their behavioral intention, and satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and learning engagement have more influence. Conclusions: For implication, when learners are satisfied with their learning experience with MOOCs, they will choose the MOOC platform when they need to acquire knowledge. In addition, more efforts are made in platform construction and course maintenance, enriching the interactive function design of online courses, focusing on forum maintenance, and enriching course materials.

Investigation on Student Immersion and Buying Intent on Chengdu Live Platforms

Xinai Tian — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The present study is intended to talk about the factors that impact the immersion and purchase intentions of university students in Chengdu on live streaming platforms. This research investigates students' perspectives in the context of lifestyle shopping, which falls under four categories: clothes and food, cosmetics, electronics, and local living. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The quantitative research will involve samples of 500 undergraduates from universities in Chengdu and their purchase intention and immersion in live streaming platforms. The study developed a conceptual framework with variables: interactivity orientation, professionalism, price discounts, immersion, website trust, search intention, and subscription intention. The collected data is analyzed using SEM and CFA to test the model's goodness of fit. The IOC index and Cronbach's Alpha tests check the survey's content validity and the data's reliability. Results: Interactivity orientation, professionalism, price discounts, immersion, website trust, search intention, and subscription intention have significantly influenced the purchase intention of Chengdu University students in live streaming platforms. This may provide some practical evidence for optimizing the live streaming platform user experience and making marketing strategies. Conclusion: The results are intended to provide stakeholders in the live-streaming industry with strategic insights on driving better user experience and improved sales conversion rates.

Developing Business Students ’ Learning Performance in Chongqing, China

Sixiao Zou — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study examines the factors influencing students' learning performance, specifically focusing on Instructor Attitude toward Learners (AI), Instructor Technical Competence (TC), Motivation (MV), Self-Efficacy (SE), Behavioral Engagement (BE), Cognitive Engagement (CE), and Emotional Engagement (EE). Additionally, the research seeks to identify effective strategies for enhancing students' learning outcomes. Data, Materials, and Methodology: The validity of the study was ensured through the use of the index of item-objective congruence, while a pilot test (n = 30) was conducted to assess reliability using cronbach’s alpha. Data from 160 valid responses were analyzed using multiple linear regression to explore the significant relationships between the variables. A group of 25 students participated in a 10-week intervention design implementation (IDI) to further explore these relationships. Quantitative results from the pre-IDI and post-IDI phases were compared using a paired-sample t-test. Results: the study revealed that AI, TC, MV, SE, and EE significantly impact learning performance, as demonstrated by MLR, while BE and CE showed no significant effect. Furthermore, the paired-sample t-test indicated a significant improvement in learning performance between the post-IDI and pre-IDI stages. Findings: The study successfully implemented an intervention that incorporated five key influencing factors, leading to a marked improvement in the learning performance of business students in Chongqing, China.

Factors Influencing Students’ Intention to Use E-Learning in Zhanjiang, China

Zhengju Zhang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This research examined the factors influencing students’ behavioral intention to use e-learning in Zhanjiang, China. In the digital age, e-learning is increasingly favored for its convenience, flexibility, and sustainability. Given the widespread use of e-learning in education, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth study to examine the factors that influence students' use of e-learning. Research design, data, and methodology: The study started with a validity analysis using the Item-Objective Consistency Index (IOC) and a reliability analysis using Cronbach's Alpha (n=30). Multiple linear regression analyses were then conducted to test whether the variables had a significant relationship. Afterward, a 12-week Strategic plan (SP) was implemented for 30 students, and a paired-sample t-test was conducted on the quantitative results before and after the SP to determine the changes in students' behavioral intentions to use e-learning by implementing the Strategic plan. Results: This study verified that the six independent variables (Effort expectancy, Performance expectancy, Habit, facilitating conditions, Hedonic motivation, and social influence) significantly influence the dependent variable (Behavioral intention to use). Concurrently, the paired sample t-test comparing results demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the pre- and post-strategic plan phases regarding students' behavioral intention to use e-learning. Conclusions: This study identifies and validates several key factors significantly influencing students' behavioral intentions to use e-learning environments. In addition, this study provides a rich research opportunity and theoretical foundation for future in-depth exploration and analysis.

Exploring What Drives Undergraduates at Xihua University in Chengdu to Stick with Short Video Apps

Siqi Li — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This research paper investigates the factors impacting user continuance intention on short video applications among undergraduates from Xihua University in Chengdu, China. The conceptual framework proposed a causal relationship among information sharing, information seeking, social interaction, entertainment, facilitating condition, and satisfaction impacting continuance intention. Research design, data, and methodology: The researcher applied the quantitative method (n=500), distributing questionnaires to undergraduates from Xihua University. The sampling process involved multi-stage sampling, including judgmental sampling to select four majors’ undergraduates of Xihua University, followed by stratified random sampling to proportionately allocate the sample size across these four majors and conclude with convenience sampling for distributing the questionnaire. The Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used for the data analysis, and they included model fit, reliability, and validity of the constructs. Results: The results explicated that continuance intention was significantly and directly impacted by information seeking, social interaction, entertainment, facilitating condition, and satisfaction. Satisfaction strongly impacts continuance intention, followed by entertainment, information seeking, facilitating conditions, and social interaction. Moreover, it is indirectly impacted by information sharing. Conclusions: Companies and developers are suggested to ensure that the attributes of information sharing, information seeking, entertainment, and social interaction are available when using the app, and the app offers diverse, engaging, and high-quality content to meet users’ viewing needs and interests.

Uncovering the Key Factors Behind Junior College Students' Satisfaction and Commitment to E-Learning in Jiangxi, China

Shiqi Zhang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study thoroughly examines the factors influencing junior college students' satisfaction and continued intention to engage in e-learning in Jiangxi, China. Research design, data, and methodology: To gather statistical data, it is recommended to survey university students in Jiangxi, China, who have experience with e-learning. The collected data was analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess the relationships between variables. For this research, a sample size of 500 junior college students was selected to ensure a more comprehensive understanding of the study. Results: E-learning platforms feature continuous updates and optimization of course content, ensuring that learners can keep pace with the times and access cutting-edge educational resources and research findings. This acknowledgment of course content significantly enhances learners' trust and satisfaction, stimulating their enthusiasm for learning. E-learning offers a wide variety of course options and customizable learning paths, allowing learners to feel that their investment is well-rewarded and strengthening their recognition of the value of online learning. Conclusions: The study discovered that students' perceptions of interaction favorably impact their perceptions of confirmation, contentment, and perceived usefulness, all of which are directly related to their desire to stick with the system.

Developing Teachers’ Job Satisfaction in Jilin, China

Yifei Shen — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the independent variables that affect the job satisfaction of teachers at a private foreign language university in Jilin Province, China, and to propose strategies for improvement to enhance the quality of education and promote educational reform. Research design, data, and methodology: The study employed a questionnaire survey of 90 full-time teachers, covering aspects such as spirituality, teaching competency, core evaluations, school effectiveness, self-efficacy, and adaptive space. To ensure the validity of the questionnaire content, the Index of Item-Objective Congruence methodology was utilized to scrutinize each question, ensuring that it appropriately and validly measured various aspects of job satisfaction among university teachers. Following this, 30 full-time lecturers underwent a 20-week Strategic Plan. Afterward, the quantitative results from post-SP and pre-SP were analyzed in the paired-sample t-test for comparison. Results: The study's findings supported two hypotheses: teaching competency and core evaluations significantly affect teachers' job satisfaction, while the other four were rejected. Finally, the results from the paired-sample t-test for comparison demonstrated significant differences in both teaching competency and core evaluations between the post-SP and pre-SP stages. Conclusions: The results provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for higher education institutions to develop effective strategies to enhance teachers' job satisfaction and advance educational reform.

An Empirical Study on How Strategic Plan Interventions Boost Teachers' Job Satisfaction at Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology in Guangdong Province

Guochen Yang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The research explores the impact of school culture, resources, workload, training, and development on teachers’ job satisfaction in private undergraduate universities and identifies significant differences between variables. The key constructs are school culture, resources, workload, training and development, and teachers’ job satisfaction. Research Design, Data, and Methods: The research used the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) to test validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (n=30) to test reliability. We collected valid questionnaires from 70 teachers at Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology and verified the significant relationship between variables through multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis. Subsequently, 30 teachers were selected to participate in a 24-week strategic plan, and paired sample T-tests were used to analyze the implementation effectiveness of the strategic plan. Result: In the multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis, we found that school culture, resources, workload, training, and development have a significant impact on teachers’ job satisfaction. The paired sample T-test results show significant differences in teachers’ job satisfaction and its influencing variables before and after the implementation of strategic plans. Conclusion: Improving school culture, resources, workload, training, and development can enhance teachers' job satisfaction. The continuous improvement of job satisfaction among teachers in private undergraduate universities requires collaborative efforts from the government, schools, teachers, and various sectors of society.

Understanding the Drivers of College Students' Attitudes and Intentions Towards Online Shopping in China

Yi Mao — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study aims to explore the factors that influence the purchase intention of online shopping among college students in Zhanjiang, China. The conceptual framework comprises subjective norm, trust in online shopping, convenience of online shopping, customer service offered by online shopping, value motive, attitude, and purchase intentions. Research design, data, and methodology: The sample data was collected using a quantitative method and a questionnaire as a tool. Before distribution, the questionnaire’s content validity and reliability were tested using Item-Objective Congruence and a pilot test. The data was then analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling to validate the model’s goodness of fit and confirm the causal relationship among variables for hypothesis testing. Results: The conceptual model effectively predicted purchase intention (PI) for online shopping among college students. Two key prerequisites for BI are attitude and value motive. Conclusions: ATT was the strongest predictor of PI to use both directly and indirectly, which ATT was driven significantly by subjective norm, trust in online shopping, the convenience of online shopping (COS), and customer service offered by online shopping (CSOS). Therefore, this study suggests that online purchasing platforms and merchants should improve the attitudinal factor of purchase intention so that students will find the system useful and develop a good attitude and purchase intention towards online shopping.

Enhancing Learning Satisfaction in Technology-Driven Education: A Case Study from a Public University in Chongqing, China

Guo Xuan — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The study investigates the influence of five independent variables (Perceived Learning Effectiveness, Perceived Enjoyment, Perceived Usefulness, digital communities, and Information Technology) on the dependent variable (Students’ Learning Satisfaction). Research design, data, and methodology: The research employed the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) for validity and a Cronbach’s Alpha in a pilot test (n=30) for reliability. 80 valid responses from students at a Public University in Chongqing were analyzed by multiple linear regression to verify the significant relationship between variables. Following this, a group of 30 students underwent a 12-week strategic plan. Afterward, the quantitative results from the strategic and pre-strategic plans were analyzed in the paired-sample t-test for comparison. Results: In multiple linear regression, the study revealed that perceived learning effectiveness, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and information technology significantly impacted students’ learning satisfaction in Technology-enhanced learning. Finally, the results from the paired-sample t-test for comparison demonstrated significant differences in students’ learning satisfaction between the post-strategic and pre-strategic plans. Conclusion: The study revealed that the research conceptual model successfully predicted and explained perceived learning effectiveness, perceived enjoyment, perceived usefulness, and information technology emerged as crucial predictors and antecedents of learning satisfaction.

Exploring the Drivers of Employee Creativity in Chengdu's State-Owned Creative Enterprises in Chengdu, China

Qiaochen Liu — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This article aims to investigate the key factors that affect the development of employee creativity in state-owned creative companies in Chengdu, Sichuan, China. The conceptual framework proposes a causal relationship research design, data, and methods between Coworker Support, Leadership Support, Procedural Justice, Intrinsic Motivation, Intelligent Stimulation, Individualized Consideration, and Employee Creativity. Research design, data, and methodology: The researchers used quantitative methods (n=500) to distribute questionnaires to employees of state-owned creative companies. The study used quantitative methods to collect data from the target population through questionnaire surveys. Describe the process of data collection and statistical processing. Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) are used for data analysis, including model fitting, structural reliability, and effectiveness. Result: The research findings indicate that coworker support, leadership support, procedural justice, intrinsic motivation, intelligent stimulation, and individualized consideration have a significant impact on employee creativity. Individualized consideration has the greatest impact on employee creativity, followed by intrinsic motivation, intelligent stimulation, procedural justice, leadership support, creative role identity, and coworker support. Conclusion: Seven hypotheses have been proven to meet the research objectives. Therefore, it is recommended that the company's management and human resources team provide evaluations, prioritize the development of employee creativity, and develop corresponding implementation plans to enhance employee creativity.

Impacting Factors of College Students’ Satisfaction with Leadership Education in Jiaxing, China

Jijun Liu — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study explores the factors influencing students’ satisfaction with leadership education in a public university in Jiaxing, China with the following five independent variables (academic experience, campus life, social integration, learning material, career progress, and perceived quality of teaching) on the dependent variables (students’ satisfaction). Research design, data, and methodology: The research employed a Cronbach’s Alpha in a pilot test (n=30) for reliability and the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) for validity. Multiple linear regression was used to assess 106 valid replies from students at a public university in Jiaxing, China, to confirm the existence of a significant association between the variables. After that, 30 students participated in a 12-week strategic planning (SP). The quantitative findings from the pre-SP and post-SP were then compared using the paired-sample t-test. Results: The study found that academic experience, course content, and teachers’ perceived quality all impacted students’ happiness by multiple linear regression but that campus life, social integration, and professional advancement had no discernible effect on creativity. It is important to note that students’ satisfaction was highly impacted by their academic background, the content they learned, and how well they thought their teachers were doing. Conclusions: The comparison’s paired-sample t-test results showed a substantial change in students’ satisfaction between the pre-SP and post-SP phases.

Enhancing Online Meeting Adoption Among Chengdu's Youth

Kairong Xu — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The purpose is to identify the determinants of young people's satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and continued intention to use online meetings in Chengdu, China. This study proposed a conceptual framework in which the factors were hypothesized to have causal relations among Confirmation, Satisfaction, Usefulness, Informational Support, Network Management, Emotional Support, Effort Expectancy, and Continuance Intention. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The quantitative methodology of this study uses a sample size of 500, with a survey instrument administered to gather data from the target population. The questionnaires were distributed among all eligible individuals in seven major districts of Chengdu. Data analysis used Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling to validate the model fit and confirm the causal relationships among the variables. Results: Satisfaction and usefulness were two fundamental predictors and antecedents of continuance intention in online meetings. All nine proposed hypotheses were confirmed and aligned with the study objectives. Conclusions: Six of the eight hypotheses were supported by the research objectives. Developers of online meeting systems and organizers concerned about users' engagement in using them should pay attention to improving the quality factors of online meetings so that a positive attitude development and behavioral intentions can be fruitful.

Exploring the Influences on Leadership Skills Development Among Dance Students at a Normal University in Lanzhou, China

Yin Ting — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study explores the factors impacting dancing students' leadership competencies in a normal university in Lanzhou, China. The variables used in this research framework include core personality, emotional intelligence competencies, involvement, attitude, behavior, and environment on students' leadership competencies. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The study aims to assess the current levels of these variables, design and implement Intervention Design Implementations (strategic plans) to enhance them, and determine their changes pre- and post-strategic plan. The research design was a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design, combining qualitative and quantitative methods to develop an instrument for data collection. The target population was dance students at Lanzhou, the first normal university in China, with a sample size of 494 students. Results: Preliminary findings revealed that the core personality, emotional intelligence competencies, involvement, attitude, behavior, and environment levels were generally low. A multiple regression analysis showed that core personality (β=0.136, p=0.001<0.05), emotional intelligence competencies (β=0.186, p=0.000<0.05), involvement (β=0.163, p=0.004<0.05), attitude (β=0.123, p=0.009<0.01), behavior (β=0.179, p=0.000<0.05), and environment (β=0.138, p=0.001<0.05) significantly predicted students' leadership competencies. Conclusions: Based on the findings, a theoretical model was developed and validated by experts, providing strategic planning and a foundation for future interventions to enhance students' leadership competencies.

Key Factors of Undergraduate Satisfaction and Continued Use of Mobile Shopping Apps in Yibin, China

Zeng Wenli — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the significant impact of key factors of mobile shopping applications on satisfaction and intention to reuse among university students in Yibin, China. The conceptual framework presented the cause and effect among information quality, system quality, savings, intention to reuse, satisfaction, trust, and perceived usefulness relation. Research Design, Data, and Methods: The researchers used quantitative techniques (n=500) to conduct a questionnaire survey among students at Sichuan University of Science & Engineering in Yibin, China. Non-probability sampling includes judgment sampling to select computer science students, quota sampling to determine sample size, and convenience sampling to collect data and distribute questionnaires online and offline. The researchers used structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for data analysis, including model fit, reliability, and construct validity. Results: The results show that perceived usefulness and information quality significantly impact satisfaction, and satisfaction is used as an intermediate variable to influence students' mobile shopping intention to reuse. Each exogenous variable demonstrated a significant impact on the related endogenous variables, with Perceived usefulness and Information quality significantly impacting mobile shopping application usage satisfaction. Perceived usefulness greatly impacts mobile shopping application usage satisfaction, followed by Information quality and savings. Conclusion: Policymakers and program operators can increase the impact of factors on students' perceived ease of use and savings in mobile shopping applications. Investment and optimize the investment ratio.

Exploring the Link Between Product Innovation and Firm Performance: Empirical Insights from Energy Enterprises in Yunnan, China

Wan Yinyin — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study aims to construct a comprehensive theoretical framework to test the influence of key resource factors within the frameworks of the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) theories on product innovation and firm performance. Data and Methodology: Based on RBV and CRM theories, this research collected 516 data samples through a questionnaire survey from photovoltaic state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Yunnan, China. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: The findings confirm that all hypotheses are supported. Creativity Capability, Information Sharing, Top Management Support, Customer Involvement, and Institutional Support have a direct significant impact on Product Innovation Capability and an indirect significant impact on Firm Performance. Among these factors, CC has the highest impact on product innovation, followed by IST, TMS, CI, and IS. Conclusion: This study enriches the empirical data on photovoltaic SOEs in Yunnan, providing valuable management suggestions for optimizing resource allocation, enhancing innovation capability, and improving market competitiveness. The findings also highlight the crucial role of government policy support in promoting high-quality development of the photovoltaic industry in China. By providing a systematic theoretical framework and empirical evidence, this research aims to help enterprises and policymakers understand and address innovation challenges in the photovoltaic industry, achieving sustainable development and long-term competitiveness.

Unveiling the Influencers of Online Shopping Intentions: A Case Study of Public University Students in Chengdu, China

Niu Fang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study investigates the determinants influencing students' inclination to online shopping at a public university in Chengdu, China. The research framework is constructed upon attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, positive anticipated emotion, negative anticipated emotion, tech readiness, and desire. Research design, data, and methodology: The study focused on a population and sample size of 500 students who have engaged in online shopping for at least one semester from public universities in Chengdu, China. Various sampling techniques were employed to gather data, including judgmental, quota, convenience, and snowball sampling. Questionnaires were used as the primary instrument for data collection from the target population, with distribution conducted among undergraduates in three selected universities in Chengdu, China. Data analysis involved using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to assess model fit, reliability, and validity of constructs. Results: The findings indicated that attitude, subjective norm, tech readiness, behavioral intention, and desire significantly influence online shopping behavior. Seven hypotheses were supported, suggesting that attitude, behavioral intention, and desire are crucial in assessing influencers and intentions to enhance online shopping behavior. Conclusion: The research findings suggest that positive anticipated emotions have a strong impact on online shopping intentions, although this influence may decrease over time. Negative anticipated emotions, such as dissatisfaction and unhappiness, also affect online shopping behavior.

Key Influencers of Virtual Community Knowledge-Sharing Among Chengdu University Students

Xiao Yulin — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This research paper aims to investigate the key influencers that significantly impact the willingness of college students to share knowledge using virtual communities in four universities in Chengdu, Sichuan. The conceptual framework proposed a causal relationship among rewards, reputation, trust, reciprocity, self-efficacy, subjective norms, attitude toward knowledge sharing, intention to share knowledge. Research design, data, and methodology: Researchers conducted a quantitative study with 500 college students from four universities in Sichuan. These students studied for over a year and actively participated in virtual communities. The sampling method involved judgmental sampling for selecting universities, quota sampling for questionnaire distribution, and convenience sampling for data collection and survey distribution. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis, evaluating model fit, reliability, and validity. Results: The attitude towards knowledge sharing is the primary and strongest predictor of the intention to share knowledge. Attitudes towards knowledge sharing are significantly driven by rewards, reputation, trust, reciprocity, self-efficacy, and subjective norms. Conclusions: Seven hypotheses met the study objectives. To promote the knowledge-sharing behavior of college students in virtual communities, university and community managers should cultivate positive sharing attitudes through various strategies.

Key Factors Shaping Transformational Leadership Training for Student Cadres: A Case Study from a Public Normal University in Chengdu, China

Hu Fang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The study investigates the influence of five independent variables (Self-efficacy, Perceived External Environment, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, and Individual Consideration) on their dependent variables (Transformational Leadership of university student cadres). Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The study used a pilot test (n=80) with a Cronbach's Alpha for reliability and the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) for validity. Multiple linear regression was used to assess 235 valid replies from the Sichuan Normal University Student Union's student cadres and the School Youth League Committee to confirm a significant association between the variables. After that, thirty students participated in a sixteen-week Intervention Design Implementation (IDI). The pre-and post-IDI quantitative findings were then compared using the paired-sample t-test. Results: Research indicates through multiple linear regression that the following factors significantly influence university student cadres' transformational leadership: individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and self-efficacy. Their perception of the external environment does not impact the transformational leadership of university student cadres much. Ultimately, comparing the paired sample t-test results reveals notable variations between university student cadres' Transformational Leadership throughout the pre-and post-IDI phases. Conclusions: This study has demonstrated the ability of college student cadres to acquire leadership and comprehensive qualities through the growth of transformational leadership, which has made a significant contribution.

Key Factors Influencing Customer Satisfaction and Repurchase Intentions on Online Shopping Platforms in Chengdu, China

Li Qing — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This paper aimed to investigate the key factors that substantially impact online shopping satisfaction and repurchase intention of three majors at a university in Chengdu, China. Research design, data, and methodology: Information quality, system quality, benefits, customer support, packaging, trust, satisfaction, and repurchase intention were all interconnected in the conceptual framework. The researchers selected undergraduate students from three majors in the same college as the target university and collected 500 samples through questionnaires for quantitative research strategies. This paper adopts the multi-stage sampling strategy to collect data, using judgment and purposive sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation model (SEM) were used to analyze the data, and the model's goodness of fit, correlation validity, and reliability were tested for each variable. Results: Each variable proved to have significant direct or indirect effects on satisfaction and repurchase intention. Trust was the most significant and directly affected the dependent variable, and the second and third variables affecting satisfaction were benefits and information quality. In addition, satisfaction has a significant effect on repurchase intention. Conclusions: This study supplements the factors affecting online shopping satisfaction and repurchase intention from the perspective of impartial trust. It provides a more novel evaluation index of online shopping satisfaction and repurchase intention.

An Investigation on Key Factors Influencing Consumers' Green Purchase Behavior in Zhengzhou, China

Jing Kang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This research identifies and analyzes the factors influencing consumers’ green purchase behavior in Zhengzhou, China, focusing on elements like environmental concern, attitudes towards green products, and perceived behavioral control. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: Employing a quantitative research design, the study used a structured questionnaire to explore relationships among key constructs related to green purchase behavior. The population consisted of 450 residents from Zhengzhou’s eight main districts, all with prior experience purchasing green products. Sampling techniques included judgmental, quota, convenience, and snowball sampling. Validity and reliability were assessed using the index of item objective congruence (IOC) and Cronbach’s Alpha from a preliminary sample of 50 respondents. After data collection, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) validated the measurement model and relationships among constructs. Results: The analysis revealed significant positive correlations among the constructs, highlighting the importance of environmental concern and positive attitudes towards green products in shaping both green purchase intention and actual behavior. Conclusions: The study concludes that enhancing environmental awareness and education is vital for promoting green consumption in Zhengzhou. It suggests that policymakers and marketers should focus on these areas, while also recommending further research to explore these dynamics in different contexts to better understand consumer behavior toward green products.

Key Drivers of Satisfaction and Adoption Intentions for E-Government Among Chengdu's Government Employees

Zhongming Liu — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This article investigates the crucial elements that significantly impact the intent to utilize E-government services among employees within government departments across three distinct regions in Chengdu, China. In the conceptual framework, trust in e-government, users’ satisfaction, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, facilitating conditions, social influences, and intention to use were interlinked, demonstrating a mutual influence. Research design, data, and methodology: The researcher employed a quantitative approach involving 500 participants and distributed questionnaires among government department employees across three distinct regions. The survey used a multi-stage sampling strategy to collect data, integrating judgmental and quota sampling methods. The data analysis was executed through CFA and SEM. Result: Furthermore, model fit, correlation validity, and reliability were evaluated for every element. It was found that each exogenous variable significantly influenced its respective endogenous variable, with perceived usefulness having the most important impact on the intention to use. Conclusion: This study aims to analyze factors influencing the surveys’ intention to use e-government services, thereby driving the improvement and development of e-government. It will promote e-government more effectively among the public, providing convenient services to citizens. It also enriches e-government theory, offering meaningful and useful perspectives for scholars and practitioners.

Key Factors Shaping Undergraduate Attitudes and Purchase Intentions for Live-Stream Shopping: A Study in Mianyang, China

Jiemei Hu — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This paper aims to study the factors influencing the Live-stream Shopping Cognitive attitudes and purchase intentions of undergraduate students in Mianyang. The conceptual framework demonstrates the causal relationships between customer engagement, professionalism, interaction, price discount, cognitive trust, perceived risk, perceived satisfaction, and purchase intention. Research design, data, and methodology: The researchers employed quantitative techniques (n=500) to distribute questionnaires to undergraduate students from four majors—Biological Engineering, Architectural Engineering, Information Engineering, and Environmental Engineering—at Southwest University of Science and Technology in Mianyang, Sichuan Province, China. Non-probability sampling methods were used, including judgment sampling to select the four majors, quota sampling to determine the sample size, and convenience sampling to collect data and distribute questionnaires both online and offline. The researchers used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for data analysis, which included model fit, reliability, and construct validity. Results: The results indicate that customer engagement, professionalism, interaction, and price discounts significantly affect purchase intention. Cognitive trust and perceived risk significantly influence perceived satisfaction, which has a significant impact on purchase intention. Conclusions: These findings have significant implications for the field of marketing and e-commerce. Therefore, we suggest that in order to create a better and more stable shopping environment for undergraduate students, and to stabilize consumption within this group, livestreaming platforms should consider implementing specific strategies.

Exploring Factors Shaping Patients' Intentions to Adopt Cancer Management Apps: An Extended UTAUT Approach

Churong Li — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the determinants of cancer patients’ behavioral intention to use cancer management applications based on the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model and other expanded variables. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: 500 adult cancer patients treated at Sichuan Cancer Hospital were surveyed using the Web-based survey tool. They were familiar with mobile applications but had no experience in using them for cancer management. The index of the–item-objector congruence (IOC) method was used for the pretest, and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Model (SEM) were finally used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that perceived disease threat (β=0.235, t=4.685), social influence (β=0.231, t=4.316), and performance expectancy (β=0.231, t=4.154) had a positive direct effect on patients’ behavioral intention to use mobile health applications for cancer management. What is more, perceived disease threat and social influence indirectly affected behavior intention mediated by performance expectancy. However, effort expectancy, facilitating condition, trust, and privacy showed no causal relationship with behavioral intention toward mobile health applications for cancer management. Conclusions: Further research is needed to investigate additional mobile health acceptance factors. Additionally, system developers of mobile health applications for cancer management should focus on improving performance expectancy.

Key Influencers of Intention to Use toward Internet of Things Devices for Residents in Hangzhou, China

Shen Xiaoxiao — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This study investigates factors affecting Hangzhou residents' intention to use IoT devices, using a conceptual framework to explore the relationships between information quality, data risk, financial risk, self-efficacy, motivation, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use. Research Design and Methodology: Using a multi-stage sampling method, we conducted a quantitative survey with 472 valid responses from Hangzhou residents experienced with IoT devices. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to analyze the data and test hypotheses. Results: Information quality and motivation enhance perceived usefulness. Motivation, data risk, and financial risk affect perceived ease of use, with data and financial risks negatively impacting it. Perceived ease of use is the strongest predictor of IoT use intention, followed by perceived usefulness and self-efficacy. Conclusions: The study validates and extends the technology acceptance model for IoT adoption, highlighting perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and self-efficacy as crucial factors. Improving information quality and addressing data and financial risks can enhance IoT adoption. Recommendations include optimizing user experience, establishing trust mechanisms, and developing accurate pricing strategies to stimulate adoption in the digital age. The findings are significant for advancing IoT technology acceptance.

Key Factors Shaping Vocational College Students' Perceived Usefulness and Behavioral Intentions to Adopt Internet of Things (IoT) Technology in Sichuan, China

Tan Liang — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This paper aims to study which factors significantly impact students' behavioral intention and perceived usefulness in higher vocational colleges in Sichuan, China when using the Internet of Things (IoT). The conceptual framework illustrates the causal relationships among perceived enjoyment, perceived security, perceived convenience, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, and behavioral intention. Research design, data, and methodology: The author surveyed students at Sichuan Traffic Vocational and Technical College using quantitative techniques (n=500). The non-probability sampling included judgment sampling of students from four information technology-related majors at the institution, quota sampling to determine the sample size, and convenience sampling for data collection and questionnaire distribution both online and offline. The researchers employed structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for data analysis, which included model fit, reliability, and structural validity. Results: There are significant causal relationships between perceived enjoyment, perceived security, and trust with behavioral intention as proposed in the conceptual framework. Perceived convenience and perceived ease of use have a significant impact on perceived usefulness, which serves as a key mediating variable that significantly influences behavioral intention. Conclusion: To improve the credibility of future studies, it is recommended to gather insights from a wider variety of industry groups, increase the diversity of participants, and collect data at multiple time points.

Key Factors Affecting Junior College Students' Satisfaction and Loyalty Towards a Social Networking Services Platform in Chengdu, China

Shu Zhonghui — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This article aims to research the critical factors impacting junior college students’ satisfaction and user loyalty when using a social networking platform. The conceptual framework demonstrates the causal relationship between Perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of use, Trust, Utilitarian Value, Hedonic Value, Satisfaction, and User Loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology: The researchers used a quantitative technique (n=500) to administer the questionnaire to senior college students in Chengdu, China. Non-probability sampling included judgmental sampling to select the four majors of Sichuan Vocational and Technical College of Communications, quota sampling to determine the sample size, and convenience sampling to collect data and distribute questionnaires online. The researchers used structural equation modeling (SEM) and validation factor analysis (CFA) to analyze the data, including model fit, reliability, and structural validity. Results: Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, trust, utilitarian value, and hedonic value had a significant effect on satisfaction, and satisfaction was used as an intermediate variable affecting user loyalty. Perceived ease of use has the greatest effect on satisfaction, followed by perceived usefulness. Conclusions: This study has important theoretical and practical value for improving the user experience of students using the social networking services platform in Chinese higher vocational colleges and universities.

An Empirical Study of Undergraduate Satisfaction and Adoption Intentions of Artificial Intelligence in Chengdu, China

Jiang Aijia — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The research aimed to investigate the important factors impacting the satisfaction and intention to use Artificial Intelligence of Undergraduates in Chengdu, China. The conceptual framework presented cause-and-effect relationships between informational support, emotional support, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, satisfaction, attitude, and intention to use. Research design, data, and methodology: At Sichuan University of Media and Communications in Chengdu, China, undergraduate students were given a questionnaire by the researcher using a quantitative approach (n=500). Non-probability sampling included judgmental sampling to select four art majors of Sichuan University of Media and Communications, quota sampling to define the sample size, and convenience sampling to collect data and distribute the questionnaires online and offline. The researcher used structural equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to analyze the data Results: The results show that informational support, emotional support, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use have a significant effect on satisfaction, and satisfaction, as an intermediate variable, has a significant effect on the intention to use. Also, the attitude has a significant effect on the intention to use. Conclusions: To enhance the adoption of AI in higher education, it is essential to continuously address factors influencing student satisfaction and intention to use AI. Additionally, ongoing feedback should be provided to refine and adapt the AI implementation.

Key Drivers of Student Satisfaction in E-Learning: A Case Study of Higher Education at a Public University in Harbin, China

Song Heng — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The study investigates the influence of five independent variables (Student Engagement, Interactions, Digital Literacy, Perceived Quality, and Cognitive Absorption) on one dependent variable (Student Satisfaction with E-learning). Additionally, it aims to identify significant differences between variables. Research design, data, and methodology: The research employed the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) for validity and a Cronbach's Alpha in a pilot test for reliability. Data was obtained from the target population using a quantitative methodology and a questionnaire. Eighty valid responses from students at Harbin University were analyzed by multiple linear regression to verify the significant relationship between variables. Following this, all students from the research population implemented the 20-week strategic plan. Two types of tactics were used: behavioral interventional tactic and collaborative interventional tactic. Afterward, the quantitative results from post-SP and pre-SP were analyzed in the paired-sample t-test for comparison. Results: In multiple linear regression, the study revealed that student engagement, interactions, digital literacy, perceived quality, and cognitive absorption significantly impacted students' satisfaction with E-learning. Finally, the results from the paired-sample t-test for comparison demonstrated a significant difference in students' satisfaction with E-learning between the post-SP and pre-SP stages. Conclusions: This study aimed to help school administrators address questions about E-learning and analyze the factors affecting student satisfaction with E-learning courses at a public university in Harbin, China.

Factors Impacting on Undergraduate Students’ Continuance Intention to Use Shiyibao Intelligent Translation Practice and Teaching Platform: A Case Study of a Private University in Guangdong, China

Fang Yan — 2025-12-24

Purpose: This research aims to explore the factors influencing the continuance intention of undergraduate students to use the Shiyibao Intelligent Translation Practice and Teaching Platform in a private university in Guangdong, China. There are five independent variables, namely perceived usefulness, satisfaction, learning engagement, performance expectation and attitude, and one dependent variable, continuance intention. Research design, data, and methodology: The research employed the Index of Item-Objective Congruence (IOC) for validity and a Cronbach’s Alpha in a pilot test (n=30) for reliability. 80 valid responses from students of English-related majors (English majors, Business English majors, and Translation majors) at Zhanjiang University of Science and Technology were analyzed by multiple linear regression to verify the significant relationship between variables. Following this, a group of 30 students underwent an 8-week IDI. Afterward, the quantitative results from post-IDI and pre-IDI were analyzed in the paired-sample t-test for comparison. In addition, eight students were also interviewed at both pre-IDI (for designing intervention) and post-IDI (for affirming the effectiveness of the intervention) stages. Results: In multiple linear regression, the study revealed that perceived usefulness, satisfaction, learning engagement, performance expectation, and attitude significantly impacted students’ continuance intention to use Shiyibao. Conclusion: The results from the paired-sample t-test for comparison demonstrated significant differences in all the variables between the post-IDI and pre-IDI stages.

The Effectiveness of Electronic Cigarette on Smoking Cessation in Adult Smokers: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis

Supa Pudkasam — 2025-12-24

Purpose: The study aims to examine the effect size of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation in adult smokers with subgroups analysis based on their intention to quit. Research design, data and methodology: Quantitative studies that assessed the effect size of e-cigarettes on smoking cessation in adult smokers were searched from four databases. The included articles were imported into EndNote X8 and screened based on eligibility criteria. The data extraction was completed using Microsoft Excel. Pooled effect size (odds ratio) was used to analyze the fixed effect model or random effect model depending on the similarity of recruited studies. Results: The overall odds ratio among six recruited randomized controlled trials (RCTs), eight longitudinal and two cross-sectional studies were 0.88 (95% CI: 0.74–1.05), 1.01 (95% CI: 0.65–1.59) and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.16–3.46), respectively. In the subgroup analysis of participants who initially intended to quit, the odds ratio for smoking cessation associated with e-cigarette use were 0.88 (95% CI: 0.71–1.04) in RCTs, 1.08 (95% CI: 0.49–2.39) in cohort longitudinal studies, and 1.42 (95% CI: 0.81-2.49) in cross-sectional studies. Conclusions: The study has not found a significant effect of e-cigarettes on quitting smoking. Smoking cessation strategies should be more focused in future studies.